Artículos científicos

URI permanente para esta colecciónhttp://10.0.96.45:4000/handle/11056/14656

Producción intelectual de las investigadoras e investigadores del CINPE

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Mostrando 1 - 3 de 3

Applying integrated valuation of ecosystem services in Latin America: Insights from 21 case studies
(Elsevier B.V., 2019-04) Arias Arévalo, Paola; Galeana Pizaña, José Mauricio; Sarmiento, Miguel; Rincón Ruiz, Alexander; Núñez Hernández, Juan Manuel; Cotler, Helena; Aguado Caso, Mateo; Meli, Paula; Tauro, Alejandra; Ávila Akerberg, Víctor Daniel; Avila Foucat, Veronique; Cardenas, Johanna Paola; Castillo Hernández, Luis Alfonso; Castro, Luis Guillermo; Cerón Hernández, Victor Alfonso; Contreras, Andrea; Deschamps, Jimena; Guillén Oñate, Keila; Hernández-Aguilar, José Antonio; Jimenez, Aldo Daniel; López Mathamba, Luis Ángel; Márquez Pérez, Lizbeth; Moreno Díaz, Mary Luz; Marín Marín, Wilmer; Ochoa, Vivian; Tauro, Alejandra; Díaz Timote, Julián; Tique Cardozo, Luisa Lorena; Trujillo Acosta, Angélica; Waldron, Talía
Recent progress in the ecosystem services (ES) approach has been made through the application of integrated valuations of ecosystem services (IVES), which emphasizes social inclusion and incorporates a plurality of values in ES valuations. Given that most of the empirical experience with IVES practice has been in the Global North, we need to understand this practice in other contexts such as the Global South and Latin America. Based on 21 studies that applied IVES approaches, we evaluated how IVES is being implemented in socio-ecological contexts in Latin America and the challenges and ways forward for implementing it in this region. Leaders of the case studies completed a questionnaire that addressed these questions based on an analytical framework. Our case studies demonstrated advances in: integrating socio-cultural and monetary valuations, developing interdisciplinary and transdisciplinary approaches, communicating results, and providing policy recommendations that go beyond economic incentives. However, more efforts are still needed to engage some of the social actors, integrate ecological values, and address value trade-offs and power relations. Challenges and ways forward for implementing IVES approaches can be grouped into five areas: (i) building a culture of transdisciplinary research; (ii) promoting holistic versus split disciplinary valuations; (iii) engaging with environmental and civil society organizations and local leaders; (iv) supporting less powerful social actors and bringing out their voices through the IVES process; and (v) generating new means of communicating multiple perspectives at multiple scales. Our study empirically shows how new paths in socio-ecological contexts in Latin America are opening up to include the complex, conflicting, and diverse views of the importance of nature. We believe that in Latin America, IVES could be framed as participatory action research that empowers less powerful social actors through transdisciplinary and participatory valuation approaches.
Crisis económica: migrantes más vulnerables. Casos en Berrien, Michigan
(Universidad Nacional, Costa Rica., 2015) Avendaño, Martha; Rivera, Jenny Maricela; Díaz, Rafael
Este artículo analiza los efectos de la crisis económica estadounidense sobre la calidad de vida de una muestra de migrantes mexicanos en localidades del condado de Berrien, Michigan, a través de factores que influyen en las libertades de movilización (estatus legal), escasas oportunidades de tipo laboral y limitaciones de índole social (seguro de salud, educación superior y percepción sobre la calidad de vida). Mediante una metodología de estudios de casos, se efectuó una intros pección en la vida de las personas para conocer cómo enfrentan los inconvenientes de su estatus legal y su trabajo, bajo una reconstrucción de las condiciones primarias de vida, tipo de empleo, permanencia en el país, motivos de su migración, y cambios anteriores y posteriores a la crisis
Modelling price scenarios for sustainable collective action and farm production: Pepper in El Roble settlement, Costa Rica
(Journal on Chain and Network Science, 2015-06-01) Miranda Montes, Donald; Sáenz-Segura, Fernando; Chaves Moreira, Juan Manuel; Schipper, Roberth A.
Pepper (Piper nigrum L.) is considered a non-traditional cash crop for enhancing local development in Costa Rica and a suitable activity for small farmers. Trade of pepper has been done by using contractual agreements between producers and processors, which provides at least three functions: insurance, incentives and information. Contracts also require a high level of commitment from contracting parties to keep the equity, efficiency, and sustainability of the trade relationship. The shift of trade conditions from a competitive to a monopsony market encouraged a group of farmers to start an association that aims to bulk and process pepper from members. Breaching contracts by members of the association endanger this effort of sustainable entrepreneurship. This usually happens when temporary market conditions yield higher procurement prices by other competitors. This situation is also worsened by the lack of proper information on production and processing costs between the contracting parties, and then, the disagreement on the procurement price fixation and payment conditions. By using a mixed integer linear optimization model, we aim to identify the 'best' price of fresh pepper traded between both parties. We make use of primary information from 12 different farms on production costs and from the association on processing costs. The model incorporates minimum required net margins for all contracting parties, while modelling the net margins of each party, the amount of traded fresh pepper and preferred contract possibilities, given different fresh pepper price scenarios. At lower prices, some of the farmers that supply pepper, do this to just break-even. At higher prices, more is supplied by more farmers. Under monopsony conditions and individual contracts between parties, it is in the interest of the buyer to offer higher fresh pepper prices in order to buy and process more pepper, up to the point that the marginal costs of buying more pepper are equal to the marginal benefits of that extra pepper. This is because the processor has fixed costs, next to variable costs. Higher volumes reduce the average total costs of processing per kg of pepper, and thereby increase profit. When group contracts are possible, thus under bilateral monopoly conditions - farmers acting as 'one' seller and the processor as the only buyer - more fresh pepper is supplied at higher prices than under monopsony conditions as more farmers would have higher surpluses. At the same time the processor would have a higher profit than using individual contracts.

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Examinando Artículos científicos por browse.metadata.procedence "Centro Internacional de Política Económica para el Desarrollo Sostenible (CINPE)"