Promoción del Envejecimiento Saludable por medio de las Tecnologías de la Información y Comunicaciones: aportes de la Psicología Humanista desde la Atención Centrada en la Persona en el grupo de personas mayores Vida y Salud, Mercedes Norte de Heredia
Fecha
2026-01
Autores
Alfaro Madrigal, Diana María
Alpízar Escobar, Ariana Sofía
Carvajal Jiménez, María Jesús
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Editor
Universidad Nacional, Costa Rica
Resumen
El presente proyecto de graduación tuvo como principal objetivo desarrollar un proceso psicoeducativo para el envejecimiento saludable enfocado en el aprendizaje básico de las TIC en personas mayores de Mercedes Norte de Heredia integrantes del Grupo Vida y Salud. Dicho proceso se llevó a cabo con un grupo de personas mayores durante los meses de abril, mayo, junio y julio del año 2025. La ejecución de este proceso fue realizada bajo una metodología participativa que promovió el protagonismo de las personas participantes sobre su propio proceso de aprendizaje. De esta manera el grupo identificó sus necesidades y todas las personas participantes fueron cocreadoras del proceso. El abordaje se realizó mediante la visión de la psicología humanista centrada en la persona. Lo que nos permitió ahondar en los sentires, creencias, miedos y perspectivas de las personas mayores con respecto a la digitalización globalizada, la brecha digital por edad y generacional que eso representaba y las creencias en torno a la tecnología en diferentes edades. En tanto, las personas encontraron un espacio donde no solo se buscaba enseñar y aprender, sino que, además, se reflexionó sobre mitos y prejuicios acerca de la adultez mayor. Cuestionaron estos pensamientos y miedos a través de la experiencia que les demostró que diferentes creencias limitantes no constataban una realidad. En conjunto el grupo se permitió un espacio de apoyo grupal y trabajo en equipo, mediante una metodología basada en sus sentires, vivencias y necesidades de aprendizaje. Los principales resultados se centraron en haber logrado que las participantes debatieran las creencias limitantes que les reforzaba el miedo a aprender, el sentimiento de que no lo lograrían y la resistencia a intentarlo. Y descubrieron cómo la tecnología puede ser un factor que promueve su autonomía para realizar diferentes procesos de manera independiente, mantener un aprendizaje continuo y adaptarse a nuevas tendencias con autodeterminación. Las personas participantes se mantuvieron comprometidas con el proceso hasta su culminación, deseosas de seguir creando espacios para el aprendizaje continuo.
The main objective of this graduation project was to develop a psychoeducational process for healthy aging focused on basic ICT skills for older adults in Mercedes Norte de Heredia, members of the Vida y Salud (Life and Health) Group. This process was carried out with a group of older adults during April, May, June, and July of 2025. The process was implemented using a participatory methodology that empowered participants to take ownership of their own learning. In this way, the group identified their needs, and all participants co-created the process. The approach was based on the perspective of person-centered humanistic psychology. This allowed us to delve into the feelings, beliefs, fears, and perspectives of older adults regarding globalized digitalization, the age and generational digital divide it represents, and their beliefs about technology at different ages. Participants found a space where the goal was not only to teach and learn but also to reflect on myths and prejudices about older adulthood. They challenged these thoughts and fears through experience, which demonstrated that various limiting beliefs did not reflect reality. The group provided itself with a space for group support and teamwork, using a methodology based on their feelings, experiences, and learning needs. The main results focused on enabling the participants to discuss the limiting beliefs that reinforced their fear of learning, their feeling of inadequacy, and their resistance to trying. They also discovered how technology can be a factor that promotes their autonomy, allowing them to carry out different processes independently, maintain continuous learning, and adapt to new trends with self-determination. The participants remained committed to the process until its completion, eager to continue creating spaces for ongoing learning.
The main objective of this graduation project was to develop a psychoeducational process for healthy aging focused on basic ICT skills for older adults in Mercedes Norte de Heredia, members of the Vida y Salud (Life and Health) Group. This process was carried out with a group of older adults during April, May, June, and July of 2025. The process was implemented using a participatory methodology that empowered participants to take ownership of their own learning. In this way, the group identified their needs, and all participants co-created the process. The approach was based on the perspective of person-centered humanistic psychology. This allowed us to delve into the feelings, beliefs, fears, and perspectives of older adults regarding globalized digitalization, the age and generational digital divide it represents, and their beliefs about technology at different ages. Participants found a space where the goal was not only to teach and learn but also to reflect on myths and prejudices about older adulthood. They challenged these thoughts and fears through experience, which demonstrated that various limiting beliefs did not reflect reality. The group provided itself with a space for group support and teamwork, using a methodology based on their feelings, experiences, and learning needs. The main results focused on enabling the participants to discuss the limiting beliefs that reinforced their fear of learning, their feeling of inadequacy, and their resistance to trying. They also discovered how technology can be a factor that promotes their autonomy, allowing them to carry out different processes independently, maintain continuous learning, and adapt to new trends with self-determination. The participants remained committed to the process until its completion, eager to continue creating spaces for ongoing learning.
Descripción
Licenciatura en Psicología
Palabras clave
TECNOLOGIA DE LA INFORMACIÓN, INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY, TECNOLOGIA DE LAS COMUNICACIONES, COMMUNICATIONS TECHNOLOGY, SOCIALIZACIÓN, SOCIALIZATION, ENVEJECIMIENTO, AGING, CALIDAD DE VIDA, QUALITY OF LIFE
