Propuesta para fortalecer la atracción de Inversión Extranjera Directa en Pérez Zeledón y su vinculación con la economía de la región
Fecha
2025-07-24
Autores
Quirós Segura, Ronald Johan
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Universidad Nacional, Costa Rica
Resumen
La investigación analiza el potencial del cantón de Pérez Zeledón para atraer Inversión Extranjera Directa (IED) como herramienta para impulsar el desarrollo local y reducir disparidades territoriales frente a la Gran Área Metropolitana (GAM), principal receptora de este tipo de inversión en Costa Rica. Para ello, se identificaron los principales determinantes de atracción de IED presentes en la GAM y se contrastaron con las condiciones actuales de Pérez Zeledón, bajo un enfoque teórico híbrido basado en distintas teorías de desarrollo local, así como en la competitividad sistémica. A partir de un análisis mixto, se detectaron brechas en infraestructura vial, acceso a tecnologías de información, capital humano y dinamismo de mercado. No obstante, también se identificaron fortalezas en el sector terciario, una base educativa sólida, buena cobertura en telecomunicaciones en zonas urbanas, y la existencia de experiencias previas de atracción de IED, lo que posiciona al cantón con condiciones para atraer empresas vinculadas a servicios. La investigación culmina con una propuesta de medidas orientadas a fortalecer las capacidades locales para atraer IED, incluyendo acciones institucionales, educativas y de mejora de infraestructura. Asimismo, se resalta la importancia de la articulación territorial y regional como eje para consolidar una estrategia de desarrollo sostenible y descentralizado en Pérez Zeledón y la Región Brunca.
This research analyzes the potential of the canton of Pérez Zeledón to attract Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) as a tool to promote local development and reduce territorial disparities compared to the Greater Metropolitan Area (GMA), the main recipient of this type of investment in Costa Rica. To this end, the main determinants of FDI attraction in the GMA were identified and contrasted with the current conditions of Pérez Zeledón, under a hybrid theoretical approach based on different local development theories, as well as on systemic competitiveness. Based on a mixed analysis, gaps were detected in road infrastructure, access to information technologies, human capital and market dynamism. However, strengths were also identified in the tertiary sector, a solid educational base, good telecommunications coverage in urban areas, and the existence of previous experiences in attracting FDI, which positions the canton to attract service-related companies. The research culminates with a proposal for measures aimed at strengthening local capacities to attract FDI, including institutional, educational and infrastructure improvement actions. It also highlights the importance of territorial and regional articulation as an axis to consolidate a sustainable and decentralized development strategy in Pérez Zeledón and the Brunca Region.
This research analyzes the potential of the canton of Pérez Zeledón to attract Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) as a tool to promote local development and reduce territorial disparities compared to the Greater Metropolitan Area (GMA), the main recipient of this type of investment in Costa Rica. To this end, the main determinants of FDI attraction in the GMA were identified and contrasted with the current conditions of Pérez Zeledón, under a hybrid theoretical approach based on different local development theories, as well as on systemic competitiveness. Based on a mixed analysis, gaps were detected in road infrastructure, access to information technologies, human capital and market dynamism. However, strengths were also identified in the tertiary sector, a solid educational base, good telecommunications coverage in urban areas, and the existence of previous experiences in attracting FDI, which positions the canton to attract service-related companies. The research culminates with a proposal for measures aimed at strengthening local capacities to attract FDI, including institutional, educational and infrastructure improvement actions. It also highlights the importance of territorial and regional articulation as an axis to consolidate a sustainable and decentralized development strategy in Pérez Zeledón and the Brunca Region.
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Palabras clave
INVERSIONES EXTRANJERAS, FOREIGN INVESTMENTS, DESARROLLO SOSTENIBLE, SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT, DESIGUALDAD ECONÓMICA, ECONOMIC INEQUALITY