Más allá de la calidad educativa: Excelencia y equidad como conceptos clave para evaluar el sistema educativo costarricense
Fecha
2025-05
Autores
Picado Arce, Karol
Conejo B., L. Diego
Montero Rojas, Eiliana
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Editor
Universidad de Costa Rica
Resumen
Este ensayo provee un marco de referencia conceptual y metodológico, desde la evaluación educativa como disciplina científica, para operacionalizar la elaboración y validación de un sistema de indicadores educativos clave cuyo seguimiento permite implementar y evaluar acciones, políticas y programas para el mejoramiento de la educación en Costa Rica, con un enfoque particular en la educación básica, comprendida como la educación primaria y secundaria. A nivel conceptual se discute la necesidad de migrar la noción de calidad educativa hacia constructos más claramente definibles, como excelencia y equidad educativas. A nivel metodológico se propone el modelo CIPP (Context, Input, Process, Product, por sus siglas en inglés) como base para el diseño del sistema de indicadores, los cuales deberán generarse con un enfoque participativo que incluya la recolección de información y la consulta con diversos actores educativos. Asimismo, se espera que este sistema contribuya a la divulgación para su uso, facilite el seguimiento por parte de la opinión pública y funcione como una herramienta para la rendición de cuentas.
This essay provides a conceptual and methodological framework based on educational evaluation as a scientific discipline, to operationalize the development and validation of a system of key educational indicators, whose monitoring allows the implementation and evaluation of actions, policies and programs, for the improvement of education in Costa Rica, with a particular focus on basic education, defined as primary and secondary education. At a conceptual level, this work argues for the need to shift the notion of educational quality towards the more clearly definable constructs, such as educational excellence and equity. At a methodological level, it proposes the CIPP (Context, Input, Process, Product) model as the basis for the design of the system of indicators, which should be generated with a participatory approach, gathering information and consulting with various educational stakeholders. Likewise, the system is expected to contribute to the dissemination for its use, to facilitate monitoring by public opinion, and to function as a tool for accountability.
This essay provides a conceptual and methodological framework based on educational evaluation as a scientific discipline, to operationalize the development and validation of a system of key educational indicators, whose monitoring allows the implementation and evaluation of actions, policies and programs, for the improvement of education in Costa Rica, with a particular focus on basic education, defined as primary and secondary education. At a conceptual level, this work argues for the need to shift the notion of educational quality towards the more clearly definable constructs, such as educational excellence and equity. At a methodological level, it proposes the CIPP (Context, Input, Process, Product) model as the basis for the design of the system of indicators, which should be generated with a participatory approach, gathering information and consulting with various educational stakeholders. Likewise, the system is expected to contribute to the dissemination for its use, to facilitate monitoring by public opinion, and to function as a tool for accountability.
Descripción
Palabras clave
CALIDAD DE LA EDUCACIÓN, EVALUACIÓN DE LA EDUCACIÓN, INDICADORES, QUALITY OF EDUCATION, EDUCATION EVALUATION, INDICATORS, COSTA RICA