Desarrollo de un modelo de transformación empresarial hacia un enfoque basado en datos mediante el análisis de Big Data como fuente de valor estratégico y operativo
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Fecha
2019
Autores
Araya Carballo, Luis Enrique
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Editor
Universidad Nacional (Costa Rica)
Resumen
Resumen. La gran cantidad de datos disponibles y la necesidad de las empresas para utilizar datos en sus procesos y decisiones llevan a la interrogante de cómo lograr que una organización pase de un modelo actual a un enfoque basado en datos. El objetivo principal del proyecto fue la creación de un modelo de transformación empresarial hacia un enfoque basado en datos mediante el análisis de Big Data como fuente de valor estratégico y operativo, el cual se concluyó de manera exitosa presentando un entregable que sirve de guía para todas aquellas empresas que quieran realizar esta transición. El modelo TREM trabaja los ejes de tecnología, recursos, mercado y estrategia de una compañía que busca una transformación hacia un enfoque basado en datos y se acompaña de un esfuerzo paralelo de transición para aumentar la posibilidad de éxito del procedimiento de implementación. Para su creación, primero se procedió con el análisis de estudios bibliográficos relacionados con modelos de análisis de Big Data, los cuales mostraron enfoques específicos en tecnología, recursos, mercado y estrategia de forma individual o compartiendo uno o dos enfoques, sin embargo no existe ningún modelo que abarque los cuatro ejes. Seguidamente se procedió con el análisis de casos de éxito de empresas que ya finalizaron esta transformación, dejando como conclusión que la identificación de oportunidades respecto al tipo de industria en la que se trabaja y tener una clara visión sobre que debe resolver el uso de análisis de Big Data en la empresa son claves para obtener resultados positivos al iniciar un proyecto de BDA. Una vez que se concluyó el análisis bibliográfico de teoría y casos de éxito se construyó el modelo TREM, el cual aporta valor estratégico y operativo a la empresa durante la transformación al mejorar la forma en la cual se toman las decisiones utilizando datos de una forma más rápida y proactiva. Además, ayuda al aumento en la automatización, creación de nuevas capacidades y optimización de los recursos, la estructura y del flujo de cajas. Por último, se ejecutó parte del procedimiento de implementación. Esta etapa sirvió para entender el estado actual del Banco Nacional de Costa Rica y entender que su capacidad para desarrollar un proyecto de BDA es alta si se aplican las recomendaciones planteadas. Además, que esta institución cuenta con una visión clara sobre las oportunidades de negocio que pueden ser resueltas mediante el uso de análisis de Big Data.
Overview. The large amount of data available and the need for companies to use data in their processes and decisions lead to the question of how to move an organization from a current model to a data-driven approach. The main objective of the project was the creation of a business transformation model towards a data-driven approach through the analysis of Big Data as a source of strategic and operational value, which was successfully concluded presenting a deliverable that serves as a guide for all those companies that want to make this transition. The TREM model works the axes of technology, resources, market and strategy of a company seeking a transformation towards a data-driven approach and is accompanied by a parallel transition effort to increase the likelihood of success of the implementation procedure. For its creation, we first proceeded with the analysis of bibliographic studies related to Big Data analysis models, which showed specific approaches in technology, resources, market and strategy individually or sharing one or two approaches, however there is no model that covers all four axes. Then we proceeded with the analysis of success stories of companies that have already completed this transformation, leaving as a conclusion that the identification of opportunities regarding the type of industry in which they work and have a clear vision of what should solve the use of Big Data analysis in the company are key to obtain positive results when starting a BDA project. Once the bibliographic analysis of theory and success cases was concluded, the TREM model was built, which brings strategic and operational value to the company during the transformation by improving the way in which decisions are made using data in a faster and more proactive way. It also helps to increase automation, create new capabilities and optimize resources, structure and cash flow. Finally, part of the implementation procedure was executed. This stage served to understand the current state of Banco Nacional de Costa Rica and to understand that its capacity to develop a BDA project is high if the recommendations made are applied. In addition, this institution has a clear vision of the business opportunities that can be solved through the use of Big Data analysis.
Overview. The large amount of data available and the need for companies to use data in their processes and decisions lead to the question of how to move an organization from a current model to a data-driven approach. The main objective of the project was the creation of a business transformation model towards a data-driven approach through the analysis of Big Data as a source of strategic and operational value, which was successfully concluded presenting a deliverable that serves as a guide for all those companies that want to make this transition. The TREM model works the axes of technology, resources, market and strategy of a company seeking a transformation towards a data-driven approach and is accompanied by a parallel transition effort to increase the likelihood of success of the implementation procedure. For its creation, we first proceeded with the analysis of bibliographic studies related to Big Data analysis models, which showed specific approaches in technology, resources, market and strategy individually or sharing one or two approaches, however there is no model that covers all four axes. Then we proceeded with the analysis of success stories of companies that have already completed this transformation, leaving as a conclusion that the identification of opportunities regarding the type of industry in which they work and have a clear vision of what should solve the use of Big Data analysis in the company are key to obtain positive results when starting a BDA project. Once the bibliographic analysis of theory and success cases was concluded, the TREM model was built, which brings strategic and operational value to the company during the transformation by improving the way in which decisions are made using data in a faster and more proactive way. It also helps to increase automation, create new capabilities and optimize resources, structure and cash flow. Finally, part of the implementation procedure was executed. This stage served to understand the current state of Banco Nacional de Costa Rica and to understand that its capacity to develop a BDA project is high if the recommendations made are applied. In addition, this institution has a clear vision of the business opportunities that can be solved through the use of Big Data analysis.
Descripción
Araya Carballo, L. E. (2019). Desarrollo de un modelo de transformación empresarial hacia un enfoque basado en datos mediante el análisis de Big Data como fuente de valor estratégico y operativo. [Tesis de Maestría]. Universidad Nacional, Heredia, Costa Rica.
Palabras clave
TECNOLOGÍAS DE LA INFORMACIÓN, PROCESAMIENTO DE INFORMACIÓN, EMPRESAS, DATOS, MODELOS, PROYECTOS, INFORMATION PROCESSING, COMPANIES, DATA