Evaluación de las habilidades científicas, matemáticas, tecnológicas, pedagógicas y ciudadanas en profesores de secundaria, de Ciencias y Matemáticas, mediante la resolución de casos
Archivos
Fecha
2025
Autores
Chavarría Arroyo, Gilberto
Durán Apuy, Alejandro
Zúñiga Meléndez, Adriana
León León, Giselle
Título de la revista
ISSN de la revista
Título del volumen
Editor
Universidad Nacional, Costa Rica
Resumen
Este artículo presenta una evaluación de las habilidades científicas, matemáticas, tecnológicas, pedagógicas y ciudadanas utilizadas por personas docentes de secundaria de Ciencias y Matemáticas, para proponer soluciones interdisciplinarias a situaciones reales. Para ello, se diseñaron cuatro estudios de caso referidos a temas como la contaminación ambiental, la afectación del turismo por el COVID-19, la captación de agua de lluvia y la naturaleza particular de algunas mezclas. Para valorar las habilidades presentes en los casos, se establecieron indicadores que definen esta competencia con sus respectivos niveles de desempeño. Se llevó a cabo un enfoque mixto, que combinó un análisis cualitativo con métodos cuantitativos para la síntesis de datos. Los mayores niveles de desempeño se asociaron a aspectos básicos como la interpretación y la argumentación, en contraste con capacidades superiores como la evaluación, el pensamiento crítico y sistémico, y la creatividad, donde el desempeño fue considerablemente más bajo. La comunicación y la colaboración se mantuvieron presentes durante toda la actividad. Las habilidades pedagógicas, así como las tecnológicas, presentaron resultados más bajos. Las propuestas didácticas diseñadas por las personas docentes mostraron algunas debilidades, tales como actividades con poca concordancia con lo que se deseaba lograr, estrategias de evaluación que no valoran el nivel de concreción, y un uso de las herramientas tecnológicas enfocado solamente en la búsqueda de información en internet.
This article presents an assessment of the scientific, mathematical, technological, pedagogical and citizenship skills used by secondary Science and Mathematics teachers to propose interdisciplinary solutions to real situations. To reach this objective, four case studies were designed on topics such as environmental pollution, the impact of Covid-19 on tourism, rainwater harvesting for human consumption, and the nature of some mixtures. To assess the competencies, present in the cases, indicators were established that define each area with its respective levels of performance. A mixed-methods approach was employed, integrating qualitative analysis with quantitative techniques for data synthesis. Higher levels of performance were associated with basic abilities such as interpretation and argumentation in contrast to advanced aspects such as assessment, critical and systems thinking, and creativity, where performance was considerably lower. Cross-curricular competencies such as communication and collaboration were present throughout the activity. Pedagogical and technological skills showed lower results than expected. The teaching proposals designed by the teachers for their classroom spaces presented some weaknesses, such as activities with little alignment to the desired outcomes, evaluation strategies that do not assess the level of specificity, and the use of technological tools focused only on searching for information on the Internet.
This article presents an assessment of the scientific, mathematical, technological, pedagogical and citizenship skills used by secondary Science and Mathematics teachers to propose interdisciplinary solutions to real situations. To reach this objective, four case studies were designed on topics such as environmental pollution, the impact of Covid-19 on tourism, rainwater harvesting for human consumption, and the nature of some mixtures. To assess the competencies, present in the cases, indicators were established that define each area with its respective levels of performance. A mixed-methods approach was employed, integrating qualitative analysis with quantitative techniques for data synthesis. Higher levels of performance were associated with basic abilities such as interpretation and argumentation in contrast to advanced aspects such as assessment, critical and systems thinking, and creativity, where performance was considerably lower. Cross-curricular competencies such as communication and collaboration were present throughout the activity. Pedagogical and technological skills showed lower results than expected. The teaching proposals designed by the teachers for their classroom spaces presented some weaknesses, such as activities with little alignment to the desired outcomes, evaluation strategies that do not assess the level of specificity, and the use of technological tools focused only on searching for information on the Internet.
Descripción
Palabras clave
ENSEÑANZA SECUNDARIA, ESTUDIOS DE CASOS, EVALUACIÓN, APTITUDES, SECONDARY EDUCATION, CASE STUDIES, ASSESSMENT, SKILLS, COSTA RICA