El occidente de Panamá, frontera, mito y resistencia indígena
Fecha
2017
Autores
Solano-Acuña, Ana Sofía
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Editor
Universidad Nacional, Costa Rica
Resumen
El presente artículo reflexiona y ofrece algunos apuntes históricos sobre el significado social y cultural que el occidente indígena de Panamá ha tenido a través del tiempo;
esto es, cómo ha sido visto, imaginado y conceptualizado por los “otros”, y por ende, cómo se han
establecido las relaciones con sus habitantes.
En este trabajo, el occidente panameño se
abordará como una frontera con el indio, con lo
indígena; es decir, se imagina como un escenario
donde se desenvuelven relaciones interétnicas e
identitarias: disímiles y particulares.
Tal conceptualización permitió la proliferación de calificativos acerca de los grupos indígenas como “belicosos”, “pueblos de poca organización social”, “crueles”, “bárbaros”, “infieles”,
etc., que no solo reflejan (al transcurrir distintos
periodos) complejos imaginarios sobre lo indio,
sino que legitiman el aparataje político para su conquista, asimilación y aculturación. Todo esto con
el fin de introducirlo en los universos hegemónicos, pero en claras condiciones de desigualdad.
Este escrito se enmarca en la investigación
doctoral “Imágenes de la memoria y el poder.
Los guaymí del occidente de Panamá en la conformación del Estado Nacional (1880-1925)”, que
se está desarrollando para optar por el grado de doctora en Historia y Estudios Humanísticos: Europa, América, Arte y Lenguas de la Universidad
Pablo de Olavide, Sevilla, España. La investigación ha sido a su vez acogida en el programa de
Estudios de Población para la Equidad con Perspectiva de Género y Diversidad Cultural, Instituto de Estudios Sociales en Población (IDESPO),
Universidad Nacional de Costa Rica.
Algunas de las pesquisas realizadas se han
llevado a cabo en el Archivo General de Indias
(Sevilla, España), Archivo General de la Nación
(Bogotá, Colombia) y el Archivo Nacional de Panamá (Panamá, Panamá), con el financiamiento de
la Junta de Becas de la Universidad Nacional de
Costa Rica.
This article reflects and offers some historical notes on the social and cultural significance that the indigenous West of Panama has had over time; that is, how it has been seen, imagined and conceptualized by the “others”, and therefore, how they have been established relationships with its inhabitants. In this work, the Panamanian West will approach as a border with the Indian, with what indigenous; that is, it is imagined as a stage where inter-ethnic relations develop and identity: dissimilar and particular. Such conceptualization allowed the proliferation of qualifications about indigenous groups as "bellicose", "peoples with little social organization", "cruel", "barbarian", "infidel", etc., which not only reflect (as different periods) imaginary complexes about the Indian, rather, they legitimize the political apparatus for its conquest, assimilation and acculturation. All this with in order to introduce it into the hegemonic universes, but in clear conditions of inequality. This writing is part of the investigation doctoral “Images of memory and power. The Guaymi of western Panama in the formation of the National State (1880-1925) ”, which is being developed to opt for the degree of doctor in History and Humanistic Studies: Europe, America, Art and Languages of the University Pablo de Olavide, Seville, Spain. The research has in turn been welcomed into the program of Population Studies for Equity with a Gender and Cultural Diversity Perspective, Institute of Social Studies in Population (IDESPO), National University of Costa Rica. Some of the investigations carried out have been carried out in the General Archive of the Indies (Seville, Spain), General Archive of the Nation (Bogotá, Colombia) and the National Archive of Panama (Panama, Panama), with funding from the Scholarship Board of the National University of Costa Rica.
This article reflects and offers some historical notes on the social and cultural significance that the indigenous West of Panama has had over time; that is, how it has been seen, imagined and conceptualized by the “others”, and therefore, how they have been established relationships with its inhabitants. In this work, the Panamanian West will approach as a border with the Indian, with what indigenous; that is, it is imagined as a stage where inter-ethnic relations develop and identity: dissimilar and particular. Such conceptualization allowed the proliferation of qualifications about indigenous groups as "bellicose", "peoples with little social organization", "cruel", "barbarian", "infidel", etc., which not only reflect (as different periods) imaginary complexes about the Indian, rather, they legitimize the political apparatus for its conquest, assimilation and acculturation. All this with in order to introduce it into the hegemonic universes, but in clear conditions of inequality. This writing is part of the investigation doctoral “Images of memory and power. The Guaymi of western Panama in the formation of the National State (1880-1925) ”, which is being developed to opt for the degree of doctor in History and Humanistic Studies: Europe, America, Art and Languages of the University Pablo de Olavide, Seville, Spain. The research has in turn been welcomed into the program of Population Studies for Equity with a Gender and Cultural Diversity Perspective, Institute of Social Studies in Population (IDESPO), National University of Costa Rica. Some of the investigations carried out have been carried out in the General Archive of the Indies (Seville, Spain), General Archive of the Nation (Bogotá, Colombia) and the National Archive of Panama (Panama, Panama), with funding from the Scholarship Board of the National University of Costa Rica.
Descripción
Palabras clave
PANAMÁ, GUAYMÍES, INDIGENAS, NATIVES, IDENTIDAD CULTURAL, CULTURAL IDENTITY, BIODIVERSIDAD, BIODIVERSITY