Plan museológico y gestión de recursos para la sostenibilidad del Museo de Guanacaste, en el año 2024
Fecha
2026-02
Autores
Araya Alvarado, María Fernanda
Chaves Carvajal, Ana Dgeananni
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Editor
Universidad Nacional, Costa Rica. Sede Regional Chorotega, Campus Liberia
Resumen
RESUMEN EJECUTIVO
El presente estudio desarrolla un plan museológico para el Museo de Guanacaste, con el propósito
de optimizar su gestión y garantizar su sostenibilidad en el tiempo, consolidándolo como un
referente en la conservación del patrimonio cultural de la región. A partir de un análisis exhaustivo,
se identificó diversas problemáticas que afectan su funcionamiento, tales como la ausencia de una
estructura administrativa eficiente, la falta de estrategias de financiamiento diversificadas, una
limitada proyección digital, y la carencia de una oferta museológica innovadora, que incentive la
participación activa del público.
La metodología empleada responde a un enfoque cualitativo, basado en la recopilación de
información, mediante entrevistas en profundidad a administradores y expertos en museología,
grupos focales con actores clave del sector cultural y turístico, observaciones directas en el museo
y análisis de contenido digital sobre tendencias en gestión museológica.
El diagnóstico reveló que el museo opera bajo un modelo de gestión poco estructurado y con
recursos económicos limitados, lo que restringe su capacidad para desarrollar proyectos de gran
impacto. Se identificó que la falta de un plan estratégico a largo plazo ha dificultado la
implementación de iniciativas que fortalezcan su identidad y su papel en la promoción del turismo
cultural en la región. Además, la ausencia de una oferta expositiva permanente y de actividades
complementarias limitan su atractivo para el público local e internacional.
Para abordar estas deficiencias, se realizó un estudio comparativo de museos a nivel local, nacional
e internacional, con el objetivo de identificar buenas prácticas de gestión y estrategias replicables.
Entre los hallazgos más relevantes, se destaca la importancia de la diversificación de fuentes de
financiamiento, incluye fondos públicos, donaciones privadas, generación de ingresos mediante
servicios culturales y alianzas estratégicas con entidades educativas, gubernamentales y
empresariales. Asimismo, se identificó la necesidad de fortalecer la presencia digital del museo,
por medio de la implementación de plataformas en línea, estrategias de comunicación efectivas y
el desarrollo de experiencias virtuales e interactivas, las cuales fomenten la conexión con nuevos
públicos.
Con base en estos resultados, se propone un modelo de gestión integral, que articule la
profesionalización de la administración del museo, la diversificación de sus ingresos, la4
modernización de su oferta expositiva y educativa, y la promoción de su identidad cultural,
mediante iniciativas participativas con la comunidad. Dicho modelo plantea la creación de un
programa de actividades culturales, que incluya exposiciones temáticas permanentes y temporales,
talleres educativos, eventos artísticos y la integración de tecnologías interactivas que enriquezcan
la experiencia del visitante. Además, se sugiere la formalización de un comité de gestión cultural
y administrativo, que permita establecer políticas de sostenibilidad, evaluación continua de
impacto y estrategias de posicionamiento dentro del sector museológico costarricense.
Se concluye que la implementación de un plan museológico bien estructurado potenciará su
impacto cultural y social al Museo de Guanacaste, garantizando su sostenibilidad a largo plazo, y
su consolidación como un espacio dinámico de preservación, educación e innovación.
La integración de un enfoque participativo y multisectorial será clave para su éxito, promoviendo
el acceso equitativo a la cultura, el fortalecimiento del sentido de identidad regional y la
consolidación del museo como un motor de desarrollo cultural y turístico en Costa Rica.
Palabras clave:
Plan museológico, participación activa, cultura, sostenibilidad, patrimonio.
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY This study develops a museological plan for the Museo de Guanacaste, with the purpose of optimizing its management and ensuring its long-term sustainability, establishing it as a benchmark in the conservation of the region’s cultural heritage. Based on an in-depth analysis, various issues affecting its operation were identified, such as the lack of an efficient administrative structure, the absence of diversified funding strategies, limited digital outreach, and a lack of innovative museological offerings that encourage active public engagement. The methodology used follows a qualitative approach, based on the collection of information through in-depth interviews with museum administrators and museology experts, focus groups with key stakeholders from the cultural and tourism sectors, direct observations in the museum, and digital content analysis on trends in museum management. The diagnosis revealed that the museum operates under a poorly structured management model with limited financial resources, restricting its capacity to develop high-impact projects. The absence of a long-term strategic plan has hindered the implementation of initiatives that could strengthen its identity and its role in promoting cultural tourism in the region. Furthermore, the lack of a permanent exhibition and complementary activities limits its appeal to both local and international audiences. To address these shortcomings, a comparative study of local, national, and international museums was conducted to identify the best management practices and replicable strategies. Among the most relevant findings is the importance of diversifying funding sources, including public funds, private donations, income generation through cultural services, and strategic partnerships with educational, governmental, and business entities. The study also highlights the need to strengthen the museum’s digital presence through the implementation of online platforms, effective communication strategies, and the development of virtual and interactive experiences that foster connections with new audiences. Based on these findings, an integrated management model is proposed, which articulates the professionalization of the museum’s administration, income diversification, modernization of its exhibition and educational offerings, and the promotion of its cultural identity through participatory community initiatives. This model includes the creation of a cultural activity program6 with permanent and temporary thematic exhibitions, educational workshops, artistic events, and the integration of interactive technologies to enrich the visitor experience. It also recommends the formalization of a cultural and administrative management committee to establish sustainability policies, continuous impact evaluation, and positioning strategies within Costa Rica’s museological sector. The study concludes that the implementation of a well-structured museological plan will enhance the Museo de Guanacaste’s cultural and social impact, ensuring its long-term sustainability and establishing it as a dynamic space for preservation, education, and innovation. The integration of a participatory and multisectoral approach will be key to its success, promoting equitable access to culture, strengthening regional identity, and consolidating the museum as a driver of cultural and tourism development in Costa Rica. Keywords: Museological plan, active participation, culture, sustainability, and heritage.
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY This study develops a museological plan for the Museo de Guanacaste, with the purpose of optimizing its management and ensuring its long-term sustainability, establishing it as a benchmark in the conservation of the region’s cultural heritage. Based on an in-depth analysis, various issues affecting its operation were identified, such as the lack of an efficient administrative structure, the absence of diversified funding strategies, limited digital outreach, and a lack of innovative museological offerings that encourage active public engagement. The methodology used follows a qualitative approach, based on the collection of information through in-depth interviews with museum administrators and museology experts, focus groups with key stakeholders from the cultural and tourism sectors, direct observations in the museum, and digital content analysis on trends in museum management. The diagnosis revealed that the museum operates under a poorly structured management model with limited financial resources, restricting its capacity to develop high-impact projects. The absence of a long-term strategic plan has hindered the implementation of initiatives that could strengthen its identity and its role in promoting cultural tourism in the region. Furthermore, the lack of a permanent exhibition and complementary activities limits its appeal to both local and international audiences. To address these shortcomings, a comparative study of local, national, and international museums was conducted to identify the best management practices and replicable strategies. Among the most relevant findings is the importance of diversifying funding sources, including public funds, private donations, income generation through cultural services, and strategic partnerships with educational, governmental, and business entities. The study also highlights the need to strengthen the museum’s digital presence through the implementation of online platforms, effective communication strategies, and the development of virtual and interactive experiences that foster connections with new audiences. Based on these findings, an integrated management model is proposed, which articulates the professionalization of the museum’s administration, income diversification, modernization of its exhibition and educational offerings, and the promotion of its cultural identity through participatory community initiatives. This model includes the creation of a cultural activity program6 with permanent and temporary thematic exhibitions, educational workshops, artistic events, and the integration of interactive technologies to enrich the visitor experience. It also recommends the formalization of a cultural and administrative management committee to establish sustainability policies, continuous impact evaluation, and positioning strategies within Costa Rica’s museological sector. The study concludes that the implementation of a well-structured museological plan will enhance the Museo de Guanacaste’s cultural and social impact, ensuring its long-term sustainability and establishing it as a dynamic space for preservation, education, and innovation. The integration of a participatory and multisectoral approach will be key to its success, promoting equitable access to culture, strengthening regional identity, and consolidating the museum as a driver of cultural and tourism development in Costa Rica. Keywords: Museological plan, active participation, culture, sustainability, and heritage.
Descripción
Palabras clave
TURISMO, CULTURA, MUSEO, SOSTENIBILIDAD, GESTIÓN, MERCADO, LIBERIA (GUANACASTE), COSTA RICA, TOURISM, CULTURE, MUSEUM, SUSTAINABILITY, MANAGEMENT, MARKET
