Percepción de inseguridad ciudadana de un grupo de madres y su posicionamiento frente al proceso de separación-individuación de sus hijos-as de tres a cuatro años de edad que asisten a los centros de educación y nutrición de la Región Central Norte
Archivos
Fecha
2009
Autores
Acosta Peña, Eric
Arias Brenes, Yesenia
Campos Jiménez, Karolina
Leiva Navarro, María
Sánchez Campos, Adriana
Sánchez Fernández, Rosaura
Venegas Quirós , Roxana
Villalobos Fray , Joyce
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Universidad Nacional, Costa Rica
Resumen
En este trabajo investigativo, se pretendió identificar si la percepción de inseguridad ciudadana de un grupo conformado por ocho madres influye sobre su posicionamiento frente al proceso de separación-individuación de sus hijos/as de tres a cuatro años de edad, que asisten a los Centros de Educación y Nutrición (CEN) de la Región Central Norte. Se ha partido de dos categorías de análisis: Percepción de inseguridad ciudadana y Proceso de separación-individuación, para conceptualizar la primera, se consideró lo expuesto por Martín-Baró en cuanto al fenómeno de la Percepción así también otros autores como White, Rico y Salas, teóricos del tema de seguridad e inseguridad ciudadana. Desde el enfoque psicoanalítico se toma como base la Teoría de las Relaciones Objetales expuesta por Otto Kernberg y específicamente la propuesta de Margaret Malher quien se centra en el desarrollo de las fases y subfases que componen el proceso de separaciónindividuación. A través del método Hermenéutico y la aplicación de técnicas instrumentos tales como: observación no participante, frases incompletas, situaciones críticas y entrevista a
profundidad, se ahonda en la percepción de inseguridad ciudadana que el grupo de mujeres en cuestión tiene, así como la forma en que éstas se colocan ante el proceso de separación – individuación de sus hijos/as, lo que posibilitó hacer acercamientos interpretativos acerca de cómo estas mujeres poseen una percepción de Inseguridad Ciudadana formulada desde lo interno, desde su vivencia subjetiva más allá de este fenómeno social. Se concluye que lo determinante en la forma en que estas mujeres se colocan frente al proceso de separación-individuación de sus hijos/as es su experiencia de vida y su historia infantil.
In this research work, we tried to identify whether the perception of citizen insecurity of a group made up of eight mothers influences their position regarding the separation-individuation process of their children aged three to four years, who attend the Education and Nutrition Centers (CEN) of the Central North Region. We started from two categories of analysis: Perception of citizen insecurity and Separation-individuation process. To conceptualize the first, we considered what Martín-Baró said about the phenomenon of Perception as well as other authors such as White, Rico and Salas, theorists on the subject of security and citizen insecurity. From the psychoanalytic approach, we take as a basis the Theory of Object Relations exposed by Otto Kernberg and specifically the proposal of Margaret Malher who focuses on the development of the phases and subphases that make up the separation-individuation process. Through the Hermeneutic method and the application of techniques and instruments such as non-participant observation, incomplete sentences, critical situations and in-depth interviews, the perception of citizen insecurity that the group of women in question has is explored in depth, as well as the way in which they position themselves before the separation-individuation process of their children, which made it possible to make interpretive approaches about how these women have a perception of Citizen Insecurity formulated from within, from their subjective experience beyond this social phenomenon. It is concluded that the determining factor in the way in which these women position themselves before the separation-individuation process of their children is their life experience and their childhood history.
In this research work, we tried to identify whether the perception of citizen insecurity of a group made up of eight mothers influences their position regarding the separation-individuation process of their children aged three to four years, who attend the Education and Nutrition Centers (CEN) of the Central North Region. We started from two categories of analysis: Perception of citizen insecurity and Separation-individuation process. To conceptualize the first, we considered what Martín-Baró said about the phenomenon of Perception as well as other authors such as White, Rico and Salas, theorists on the subject of security and citizen insecurity. From the psychoanalytic approach, we take as a basis the Theory of Object Relations exposed by Otto Kernberg and specifically the proposal of Margaret Malher who focuses on the development of the phases and subphases that make up the separation-individuation process. Through the Hermeneutic method and the application of techniques and instruments such as non-participant observation, incomplete sentences, critical situations and in-depth interviews, the perception of citizen insecurity that the group of women in question has is explored in depth, as well as the way in which they position themselves before the separation-individuation process of their children, which made it possible to make interpretive approaches about how these women have a perception of Citizen Insecurity formulated from within, from their subjective experience beyond this social phenomenon. It is concluded that the determining factor in the way in which these women position themselves before the separation-individuation process of their children is their life experience and their childhood history.
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Palabras clave
PSICOLOGÍA, RELACIONES INTERPERSONALES, GUARDERÍAS INFANTILES, PROBLEMAS SOCIALES, RELACIONES PADRE-HIJO, PSYCHOLOGY, INTERPERSONAL RELATIONSHIP, FATHER AND SON RELATIONSHIP, SOCIAL PROBLEMS, CHILDREN'S DAYCARE