Efectos de la crisis originada por la pandemia de la covid-19 en las empresas del sector comercio de la región Brunca, durante el 2021
Fecha
2024
Autores
Alvarado Cruz, Allan
Campos Calderón, Freddy
Espinoza Espinoza, Andrés
Mora Fonseca, Wagner Esteban
Título de la revista
ISSN de la revista
Título del volumen
Editor
Universidad Nacional, Costa Rica
Resumen
El presente trabajo pertenece al seminario cuyo título hace énfasis en los “Efectos de la crisis originada por la pandemia de la COVID-19 en las empresas del sector comercio de la región Brunca, durante el periodo 2021”. Las empresas del sector comercio, han enfrentado varios acontecimientos donde se vieron afectados sus operaciones en el 2020, ocasionada principalmente por el virus SARS-CoV-2. Su importancia radica en proporcionar información relevante sobre la manera como afectó a las empresas del sector comercio de la región sometidas al análisis. Cabe mencionar que el estudio es definido por la eventual crisis sanitaria, por lo que no existen antecedentes previos para ser tomados como referencia. En relación con la delimitación de la investigación, dado que la información será utilizada para conocer la situación empresarial durante los últimos meses por la afectación del COVID-19 en el sector comercio de la región Brunca, se decidió tomar como población de estudio las empresas de dicha región. El planteamiento del problema o tema de estudio se define por medio del objetivo general, el cual consiste en analizar los efectos que la crisis provocada por la pandemia del COVID-19 ha ocasionado en las empresas del sector comercio de la región Brunca, durante el 2021. Bajo este indicador surgen los objetivos específicos que se abordarán en el estudio como por ejemplo determinar el impacto en las actividades financieras y estratégicas, la afectación en el empleo y aspectos referentes a la reactivación económica. Durante el contexto de la pandemia por COVID-19 se presentaron nuevos retos en la economía, salud, empleo y desarrollo de los diferentes países del mundo, es por ello que cada país debe implementar medidas o acciones con el objetivo de frenar la transmisión y reducir la mortalidad asociada al COVID-19. Situación que va ligada con el propósito de velar por el bienestar de las personas debido a la propagación del contagio que se ha presentado en el país. Ante la crisis global que prevalece las empresas deben encargarse de proteger a sus trabajadores, pero sin duda también para minimizar el impacto en sus negocios. De acuerdo a los datos obtenidos se puede mencionar que el sector comercio en la región Brunca se ha visto afectado, producto a la crisis sanitaria la cual produjo una baja considerable en los ingresos generados por una disminución en el nivel de las ventas, esto repercute considerablemente en el nivel de liquidez para hacer frente a los pasivos a corto plazo, la rentabilidad, comercialización, también donde los pequeños empresarios son los que se vieron más afectados ya que son las empresas que van en crecimiento, desarrollo y buscando una consolidación en el mercado que se les dificulta poder mantenerse en un mercado tan competitivo como lo es el sector de comercio donde existe gran variedad de negocios que se dedican parcialmente a la comercialización de algunos productos donde el más fuerte y cuente con mejores ofertas para el consumidor es el que logro mantenerse en el mercado, mientras que los demás tuvieron que buscar estrategias para poder mantenerse a flote, otros por lo contrario se tuvo que recurrir al cierre parcial o total de las empresas. Durante la pandemia se logró realizar una reactivación de la económica donde se buscaba favorecer en cierto grado a los comercios más vulnerables, sin embargo, el grado de percepción por parte de los comerciantes no fue el esperado.
The present work belongs to the seminar whose title emphasizes the “Effects of the crisis originated by the COVID-19 pandemic in the companies of the commerce sector of the Brunca region, during the period 2021”. The companies of the commerce sector have faced several events where their operations were affected in 2020, mainly caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Its importance lies in providing relevant information on how it affected the companies in the commerce sector of the region subjected to the analysis. It is worth mentioning that the study is defined by the eventual sanitary crisis, so there are no previous antecedents to be taken as a reference. In relation to the delimitation of the research, given that the information will be used to know the business situation during the last months due to the COVID-19 affectation in the commerce sector of the Brunca region, it was decided to take the companies of that region as the study population. The problem statement or subject of study is defined by the general objective, which consists of analyzing the effects that the crisis caused by the COVID-19 pandemic has caused in the companies of the commerce sector of the Brunca region, during 2021. Under this indicator, the specific objectives to be addressed in the study arise, such as determining the impact on financial and strategic activities, the impact on employment and aspects related to economic reactivation. During the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, new challenges were presented in the economy, health, employment and development of the different countries of the world, which is why each country must implement measures or actions with the objective of curbing transmission and reducing mortality associated with COVID-19. This situation is linked to the purpose of ensuring the welfare of people due to the spread of the contagion that has occurred in the country. In view of the prevailing global crisis, companies must take care of protecting their workers, but undoubtedly also to minimize the impact on their businesses. According to the data obtained it can be mentioned that the commerce sector in the Brunca region has been affected, due to the sanitary crisis which produced a considerable drop in income generated by a decrease in the level of sales, this has a considerable impact on the level of liquidity to meet short-term liabilities, profitability, marketing, also where small entrepreneurs are those who were most affected as they are the companies that are growing, development and looking for a consolidation in the market that makes it difficult for them to stay in such a competitive market as the commerce sector where there is a great variety of businesses that are partially dedicated to the commercialization of some products where the strongest and with the best offers for the consumer is the one that managed to stay in the market, while the others had to look for strategies to stay afloat, others on the contrary had to resort to the partial or total closure of the companies. During the pandemic, a reactivation of the economy was achieved in which the most vulnerable businesses were favored to a certain degree, however, the degree of perception on the part of the merchants was not as expected.
The present work belongs to the seminar whose title emphasizes the “Effects of the crisis originated by the COVID-19 pandemic in the companies of the commerce sector of the Brunca region, during the period 2021”. The companies of the commerce sector have faced several events where their operations were affected in 2020, mainly caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Its importance lies in providing relevant information on how it affected the companies in the commerce sector of the region subjected to the analysis. It is worth mentioning that the study is defined by the eventual sanitary crisis, so there are no previous antecedents to be taken as a reference. In relation to the delimitation of the research, given that the information will be used to know the business situation during the last months due to the COVID-19 affectation in the commerce sector of the Brunca region, it was decided to take the companies of that region as the study population. The problem statement or subject of study is defined by the general objective, which consists of analyzing the effects that the crisis caused by the COVID-19 pandemic has caused in the companies of the commerce sector of the Brunca region, during 2021. Under this indicator, the specific objectives to be addressed in the study arise, such as determining the impact on financial and strategic activities, the impact on employment and aspects related to economic reactivation. During the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, new challenges were presented in the economy, health, employment and development of the different countries of the world, which is why each country must implement measures or actions with the objective of curbing transmission and reducing mortality associated with COVID-19. This situation is linked to the purpose of ensuring the welfare of people due to the spread of the contagion that has occurred in the country. In view of the prevailing global crisis, companies must take care of protecting their workers, but undoubtedly also to minimize the impact on their businesses. According to the data obtained it can be mentioned that the commerce sector in the Brunca region has been affected, due to the sanitary crisis which produced a considerable drop in income generated by a decrease in the level of sales, this has a considerable impact on the level of liquidity to meet short-term liabilities, profitability, marketing, also where small entrepreneurs are those who were most affected as they are the companies that are growing, development and looking for a consolidation in the market that makes it difficult for them to stay in such a competitive market as the commerce sector where there is a great variety of businesses that are partially dedicated to the commercialization of some products where the strongest and with the best offers for the consumer is the one that managed to stay in the market, while the others had to look for strategies to stay afloat, others on the contrary had to resort to the partial or total closure of the companies. During the pandemic, a reactivation of the economy was achieved in which the most vulnerable businesses were favored to a certain degree, however, the degree of perception on the part of the merchants was not as expected.
Descripción
Licenciatura en administración con énfasis en gestión financiera
Palabras clave
COVID-19 (ENFERMEDAD), COMERCIO, EMPRESAS, POLÍTICA PÚBLICA, ESTRATEGIAS, COMERCIALIZACIÓN, EMPLEO, COVID-19 (DISEASE), TRADE, COMPANIES, PUBLIC POLICY, STRATEGIES, MARKETING, EMPLOYMENT, REGIÓN BRUNCA (COSTA RICA)