Análisis curricular intercultural para el abordaje del aprendizaje del idioma inglés en la población estudiantil de 11° año del Liceo Rural El Progreso de Comte, durante el III período de 2023
Fecha
2025-06-10
Autores
Azofeifa Coto, María de los Ángeles
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Editor
Universidad Nacional, Costa Rica
Resumen
La globalización, el comercio internacional y el turismo han incrementado la demanda de aprender inglés como segundo idioma. Para algunas poblaciones indígenas, el inglés se convierte en un tercer idioma, después de su lengua materna y el español. Este fenómeno de trilingüismo puede causar interferencias entre la primera lengua (L1) y la segunda lengua (L2). Esta investigación se centra en identificar los factores que influyen en el aprendizaje del inglés como tercera lengua y proponer una integración intercultural en el currículo educativo. Este estudio cualitativo se realizó con estudiantes Ngäbe de undécimo año del Liceo Rural El Progreso en Comte, Burica, Costa Rica. Se aplicaron tres instrumentos diferentes: un cuestionario a estudiantes, una entrevista a 3 docentes y una observación de clase. El cuestionario se aplicó a 12 estudiantes entre los 17 y 23 años, a quienes se les preguntó sobre su condición demográfica, así como acerca de su experiencia con el aprendizaje del inglés. El segundo instrumento consistió en una entrevista a 3 docentes indígenas de diferentes zonas del país, quienes respondieron preguntas acerca de su experiencia docente, la metodología que emplean y su percepción sobre el currículo y programas nacionales de inglés. El tercer instrumento fue una observación vía remota, con el fin de observar el ambiente áulico, la mediación pedagógica y la interacción profesorado-estudiantado. Los resultados subrayan la necesidad de un currículo contextualizado que incluya elementos culturales autóctonos y considere las limitaciones en recursos y tecnologías, con el objetivo de reducir las brechas educativas en las poblaciones indígenas con respecto al resto del país.
Globalization, international trade, and tourism have increased the demand for learning English as a second language. For some Indigenous populations, English becomes a third language, after their mother tongue and Spanish. This phenomenon of trilingualism can cause interference between the first language (L1) and the second language (L2). This research focuses on identifying the factors that influence English learning as a third language and proposes the integration of interculturality into the educational curriculum. This qualitative study was conducted with eleventh-grade Ngäbe students from the Liceo Rural El Progreso in Comte, Burica, Costa Rica. Three different instruments were applied: a student questionnaire, interviews with three teachers, and a classroom observation. The questionnaire was given to 12 students aged 17 to 23, who were asked about their demographic background as well as their experience learning English. The second instrument consisted of interviews with three Indigenous teachers from different regions of the country, who answered questions about their teaching experience, the methodologies they use, and their views on the national English curriculum and programs. The third instrument was a remote classroom observation, aimed at analyzing the classroom environment, pedagogical mediation, and teacher-student interaction. The results highlight the need for a contextualized curriculum that includes Indigenous cultural elements and takes into account the lack of resources and technology, with the goal of reducing educational gaps between Indigenous populations and the rest of the country.
Globalization, international trade, and tourism have increased the demand for learning English as a second language. For some Indigenous populations, English becomes a third language, after their mother tongue and Spanish. This phenomenon of trilingualism can cause interference between the first language (L1) and the second language (L2). This research focuses on identifying the factors that influence English learning as a third language and proposes the integration of interculturality into the educational curriculum. This qualitative study was conducted with eleventh-grade Ngäbe students from the Liceo Rural El Progreso in Comte, Burica, Costa Rica. Three different instruments were applied: a student questionnaire, interviews with three teachers, and a classroom observation. The questionnaire was given to 12 students aged 17 to 23, who were asked about their demographic background as well as their experience learning English. The second instrument consisted of interviews with three Indigenous teachers from different regions of the country, who answered questions about their teaching experience, the methodologies they use, and their views on the national English curriculum and programs. The third instrument was a remote classroom observation, aimed at analyzing the classroom environment, pedagogical mediation, and teacher-student interaction. The results highlight the need for a contextualized curriculum that includes Indigenous cultural elements and takes into account the lack of resources and technology, with the goal of reducing educational gaps between Indigenous populations and the rest of the country.
Descripción
Tesis para optar al grado de Licenciatura en Pedagogía con énfasis en Didáctica
Palabras clave
INDÍGENAS, INTERCULTURALIDAD, CURRÍCULO, ENSEÑANZA DE IDIOMAS, INGLÉS, ENSEÑANZA SECUNDARIA, LENGUAS ABORÍGENES, INDIGENOUS, INTERCULTURALITY, CURRICULUM, LANGUAGE TEACHING, ENGLISH, SECONDARY EDUCATION, ABORIGINAL LANGUAGES, COSTA RICA