“Propuesta de Plan de Seguridad del Agua (PSA) para fortalecer la gestión del recurso hídrico en la Asociación Administradora del Acueducto y Alcantarillado del distrito de Tronadora ubicado en Tilarán, Guanacaste, Costa Rica.”
Fecha
2024-02
Autores
Salas Kniland, Katherine Alondra
Silva Aguilar, María Lucía
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Editor
Universidad Nacional
Resumen
La gestión del recurso hídrico es una necesidad tanto para el ser humano como la
misma naturaleza, ya que el uso eficiente y el buen manejo del agua logra mantener un
equilibrio entre las actividades socioecológicas que desarrolla el ser humano y a su vez a la
conservación del ecosistema de recurso. La elaboración de un Plan de Seguridad del Agua
(PSA) busca asegurar la calidad y disponibilidad del agua, además de garantizar un buen
abastecimiento del recurso a toda una población en específico.
El presente proyecto consiste en la elaboración de una propuesta de un PSA para la
Asociación Administradora de Acueductos y Alcantarillados (ASADA) del distrito de
Tronadora de Tilarán, Guanacaste, Costa Rica, esto con el fin de implementar mejoras en la
gestión del sistema de acueducto mediante herramientas que permiten la evaluación de los
riesgos y peligros sanitarios que se presentan en los componentes de estos sistemas.
Cabe mencionar que este proyecto presenta una correcta viabilidad enfocada en
estudios técnicos, financieros, legales, ambientales y sociales, los cuales son importantes para
determinar la rentabilidad del proyecto a realizar. En función a esto, se determinan distintas
técnicas, estrategias y herramientas para lograr llevar a cabo las principales actividades que
se desarrollan para cumplir con los objetivos de la elaboración de la propuesta. Además de
formular el respectivo cronograma y presupuesto estimado para el cumplimiento de dichas
actividades.
A partir de lo anterior, se logra determinar los peligros y riesgos que presenta el
acueducto por medio de la Guía de Inspección para la Calidad de Agua Potable SERSA. Se
obtiene que ninguno de los componentes posee un riesgo muy alto, no obstante, cuatro de los
trece componentes del acueducto, presentan un nivel de alto riesgo. Estos presentan riesgos
en cuanto a la infraestructura, los cuales afectan al acueducto en la calidad del agua
suministrada a la población.
Mediante la elaboración del PSA se busca brindar soluciones por medio de un plan
operacional de mejoras que ayudan a fortalecer la gestión del recurso hídrico del sistema de
acueducto. Por lo tanto, se recomienda a la ASADA a comprometerse a darle el debido
seguimiento al PSA brindado para su aprovechamiento y mejora del servicio.
The water resources management is a necessity for both the nature and human beings, that´s because of the efficient use and good management of water manages to maintain a balance between the socio-ecological activities carried out by the people and the conservation of the ecosystem resource. The preparation of a Water Safety Plan (WSP) seeks to ensure the quality and availability of water, in addition to guarantee a good supply of the resource to a specific population. This project consists of the elaboration of a WSP proposal for the Aqueduct and Sewer Management Association (ASADA) of the district of Tronadora, Tilarán, Costa Rica, in order to implement improvements in the management of the aqueduct system. All of this through tools that allow the evaluation of health risks and hazards that occur in the components of these systems. The viability of this project focused on technical, financial, legal, environmental and social studies, which are important to determine the profitability of the project to be carried out. Based on this, different techniques, strategies, and tools are determined to carry out the main activities that are developed to reach the objectives of the proposal. In addition to formulating the respective schedule and estimated budget for the fulfillment of said activities. Based on the methodology of this project, the hazards and risks exhibit in the aqueduct are determined by the Inspection Guide for Drinking Water Quality (SERSA). Although it was found that none of the components has a very high risk, four of the thirteen components of the aqueduct present a high-risk level. These risks are related to the infrastructure of the system, which affect the quality of water supplied to the population by the aqueduct. The development of the WSP seeks to provide solutions through an operational plan of improvements that help strengthen the water resource management of the aqueduct system. Therefore, it´s recommended that the ASADA commit itself to duly follow up of the WSP provided for its use and improvement of the service.
The water resources management is a necessity for both the nature and human beings, that´s because of the efficient use and good management of water manages to maintain a balance between the socio-ecological activities carried out by the people and the conservation of the ecosystem resource. The preparation of a Water Safety Plan (WSP) seeks to ensure the quality and availability of water, in addition to guarantee a good supply of the resource to a specific population. This project consists of the elaboration of a WSP proposal for the Aqueduct and Sewer Management Association (ASADA) of the district of Tronadora, Tilarán, Costa Rica, in order to implement improvements in the management of the aqueduct system. All of this through tools that allow the evaluation of health risks and hazards that occur in the components of these systems. The viability of this project focused on technical, financial, legal, environmental and social studies, which are important to determine the profitability of the project to be carried out. Based on this, different techniques, strategies, and tools are determined to carry out the main activities that are developed to reach the objectives of the proposal. In addition to formulating the respective schedule and estimated budget for the fulfillment of said activities. Based on the methodology of this project, the hazards and risks exhibit in the aqueduct are determined by the Inspection Guide for Drinking Water Quality (SERSA). Although it was found that none of the components has a very high risk, four of the thirteen components of the aqueduct present a high-risk level. These risks are related to the infrastructure of the system, which affect the quality of water supplied to the population by the aqueduct. The development of the WSP seeks to provide solutions through an operational plan of improvements that help strengthen the water resource management of the aqueduct system. Therefore, it´s recommended that the ASADA commit itself to duly follow up of the WSP provided for its use and improvement of the service.
Descripción
Palabras clave
HIDROLOGIA, RECURSO HIDRICO, CALIDAD DEL AGUA, ASADA, AGUA POTABLE, ACUEDUCTOS, TRONADORA (DISTRITO), TILARAN (GUANACASTE), COSTA RICA, HYDROLOGY, WATER RESOURCES, DRINKING WATER, WATER QUALITY, WATER SUPPLIES