“Propuesta de Plan de Seguridad del Agua para la gestión integral del recurso hídrico en la Asociación Administradora del Acueducto y Alcantarillado de Peñas Blancas, Abangares, Costa Rica”
Fecha
2023-02-16
Autores
Castro Vega, José Carlos
Obando Zamora, Marlon
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Editor
Universidad Nacional, Costa Rica, Campus Liberia
Resumen
El cometido principal del proyecto es la elaboración de una propuesta de Plan
de Seguridad del Agua (PSA) para la Asociación Administradora del Acueducto y
Alcantarillado de Peñas Blancas de Colorado, Abangares, Costa Rica.
Fundamentalmente, los Planes de Seguridad del Agua son herramientas que
diagnostican las condiciones de riesgo que pueden afectar una Asociación
Administradora de los Sistemas de Acueductos y Alcantarillados (ASADA). De tal
manera que la identificación de estos elementos y las propuestas de medidas
preventivas, correctivas y de mitigación funcionen como una herramienta para
garantizar que el acueducto funcione en condiciones seguras.
De acuerdo con los estudios de prefactibilidad realizados en este proyecto,
existe una viabilidad en los aspectos legales, ambientales, técnicos, financieros y
sociales. En función de este estudio de prefactibilidad, el tipo de investigación
realizado lleva un enfoque mixto, pues abarca tanto datos cualitativos como
cuantitativos. Los datos que se esperan generar en el trabajo abordan la
infraestructura, el servicio y la calidad del agua proveída en la ASADA; además,
cada componente físico del acueducto es analizado de manera independiente.
La metodología consta de cuatro fases, la formación del equipo del plan de
seguridad del agua, la evaluación del sistema de distribución de agua potable, la
matriz de riesgos y, finalmente, la elaboración del plan operacional.
Con base en lo anterior, se determinó una condición de alto riesgo para el
acueducto en torno a aspectos legales, ambientales, estructurales y de suministro
de agua potable que afectan directamente la calidad de vida de las personas
habitantes de la comunidad de Peñas Blancas. Por esta razón, la Propuesta del
Plan de Seguridad del Agua para la ASADA integra planes de mejora y
mantenimiento que ayudan a optimizar el sistema y generar una Gestión Integral
del Recurso Hídrico (GIRH). Por último, se plantea la posibilidad de concursar y
emplear proyectos de fuentes alternativas de agua potable.
The main purpose of the project is to prepare a proposal for a Water Safety Plan for the Peñas Blancas Colorado Water and Sewage Management Association, Abangares, Costa Rica. Fundamentally, the Water Safety Plans are tools that diagnose the risk conditions that can affect an ASADA. In such a way, that the identification of these elements and proposals of preventive, corrective and mitigation measures work as a tool to guarantee that the aqueduct works in safe conditions. According to the pre-feasibility studies carried out on this project, there is feasibility in the legal, environmental, technical, financial, and social aspects. Based on this pre-feasibility study, the type of research carried out has a mixed approach in such a way that it covers both qualitative and quantitative data. The data that is expected to be generated in the work addresses the infrastructure, service and quality of the water provided in the ASADA; In addition, each physical component of the aqueduct is analyzed independently. The methodology consists of four phases, the formation of the water safety plan team, the evaluation of the drinking water distribution system, the risk matrix and finally the development of the operational plan. Based on the above, a high-risk condition was determined for the aqueduct regarding legal, environmental, structural, and drinking water supply aspects that directly affect the quality of life of the people living in the Peñas Blancas community. For this reason, the Water Safety Plan Proposal for the ASADA integrates improvement and maintenance plans that help optimize the system and generate Integral Water Resource Management. Finally, the possibility of competing and using projects for alternative sources of drinking water is considered.
The main purpose of the project is to prepare a proposal for a Water Safety Plan for the Peñas Blancas Colorado Water and Sewage Management Association, Abangares, Costa Rica. Fundamentally, the Water Safety Plans are tools that diagnose the risk conditions that can affect an ASADA. In such a way, that the identification of these elements and proposals of preventive, corrective and mitigation measures work as a tool to guarantee that the aqueduct works in safe conditions. According to the pre-feasibility studies carried out on this project, there is feasibility in the legal, environmental, technical, financial, and social aspects. Based on this pre-feasibility study, the type of research carried out has a mixed approach in such a way that it covers both qualitative and quantitative data. The data that is expected to be generated in the work addresses the infrastructure, service and quality of the water provided in the ASADA; In addition, each physical component of the aqueduct is analyzed independently. The methodology consists of four phases, the formation of the water safety plan team, the evaluation of the drinking water distribution system, the risk matrix and finally the development of the operational plan. Based on the above, a high-risk condition was determined for the aqueduct regarding legal, environmental, structural, and drinking water supply aspects that directly affect the quality of life of the people living in the Peñas Blancas community. For this reason, the Water Safety Plan Proposal for the ASADA integrates improvement and maintenance plans that help optimize the system and generate Integral Water Resource Management. Finally, the possibility of competing and using projects for alternative sources of drinking water is considered.
Descripción
Palabras clave
HIDROLOGIA, CALIDAD DEL AGUA, ASADAS, AGUA POTABLE, ABASTECIMIENTO DE AGUA, RECURSOS HIDRICOS, SEGURIDAD, PEÑAS BLANCAS (ABANGARES), ABANGARES (GUANACASTE), GUANACASTE (COSTA RICA), HYDROLOGY, WATER QUALITY, ASADAS, DRINKING WATER, WATER SUPPLY, WATER RESOURCES, SAFETY