Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud

URI permanente para esta comunidadhttp://10.0.96.45:4000/handle/11056/14051

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Diagnóstico de la situación del virus de la diarrea viral bovina (VDVB), virus herpes bovino tipo1 (HVB-1), virus de la leucosis viral bovina (VLVB) y Neospora caninum en una finca lechera ubicada en Zarcero con problemas reproductivos (abortos)
(Universidad Nacional, Costa Rica, 2018-08-12) Barquero Morales, Oscar Andrés; Vindas Bolañes, Rafael
The main need for aid in the dairy sector must be targeted at small and medium-sized producers, who are the most affected in economic terms. From this point of view, the School of Veterinary Medicine of the National University has within its mission and vision to help improve the productivity and animal health of the country, through programs aimed at low income producers. This research was conducted in a dairy cattle farm in Zarcero, Alajuela, Costa Rica, owned by Mr. José Luis Argüello Cubillo. This farm had long presented problems of abortion and had the hypothesis from previous serological studies of the Dos Pinos on the farm, and was considered to be a possible cause of abortions. A study was carried out to try to associate abortions with the presence of some of the etiological agents (HVB-1, VDVB, VLVB and N. caninum) commonly associated with abortions in dairy cattle. Serological tests (ELISA) were carried out to determine the incidence of HVB-1, VDVB, VLVB and N. caninum in the dairy herd and an incidence of 48.6% to VLVB; 19.5% to VDVB and 12.2% to N. caninum was determined. Furthermore, a statistical analysis of the Reasons for Incidence (RI) was carried out as a measure of association and an RI= 0.88 (IC95%: 0.1-2.48) was determined for BVDV, an RI=0. 69 (IC95%: 0.19-2.48)for BVDV and an RI= 1.2 (IC95%: 0.37-3.86) for N. caninum. Therefore, it is necessary to focus on the study of other causes of abortion and a sanitation plan was designed to produce better management, prevention and control of abortion problems.
Effect of a killed whole Neospora caninum tachyzoite vaccine on the crude abortion rate of Costa Rican dairy cows under field conditions
(Elsevier B.V, 2004-06-04) Pérez, E.; Frankena, K.; ROMERO-ZUÑIGA, JUAN JOSÉ
A standard field trial was carried out to assess the effect of a commercial Neospora-vaccine based on whole killed tachyzoites (Bovilis–Neoguard, Intervet1) on the abortion rate. Eight hundred and seventy-six cows, over 2.5 months pregnant, belonging to 25 Costa Rican dairy herds, were used in the analysis. For each cow vaccinated, a cow of the same herd, breed and age category, was selected as control. The period of administration of treatments extended from June to November of 2000. The treatments were administered in two, 5 ml doses 1 month apart, the first dose given between day 75 and 90 of gestation. The incidence of abortion among all treated cows was of 16.0% (140/876). The treatment specific incidence was 11.2% (49/438) and 20.8% (91/438) for the vaccinated and the placebo group, respectively. The prevented fraction by vaccination amounted to 0.46 (95% CI: 0.26, 0.61), and the cumulative incidence ratio for the vaccinated group was 0.54. The Cox hazard ratio was 0.51(95% CI: 0.37, 0.72), meaning that the force of abortion is reduced twice in the vaccinated group. The results of this study, the first one following this type of design, shows that the killed whole Neospora caninum tachyzoite preparation had a reasonable effect on the abortion rate in Costa Rican dairy cattle. # 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Incidence and recurrence of bovine abortion in dairy cattle from Costa Rica
(Elsevier, 2024-07-04) Vindas-van der Wielen, Emilia; Rojas Campos, José; Romero-Zúñiga, Juan José; Monti, Gustavo
The reproductive efficiency and milk yield of cows are crucial factors in a dairy farm’s profitability. However, abortions can have a negative impact on these factors. While the morbidity of abortion has been estimated in many countries, information on the burden on dairy cattle in tropical conditions is limited, and Costa Rica is a good example. This study aims to assess the incidence and recurrence of bovine abortion in dairy cattle from Costa Rica. The study analysed the morbidity of abortion in Costa Rican dairy herds between 2010 and 2022. The incidence rate (IR) and the recurrence rate (ReR) were calculated per 100 cow-months at risk using data from the Veterinary Automated Management and Production Control Programme (VAMPP). The dataset comprised 1032,457 lactations from 330,265 cows in 1134 specialized dairy herds. Abortions were classified either as early foetal mortality (EFM) or late foetal mortality (LFM). Rates were estimated based on cow breed, lactation number, and ecological zone to which the farm belongs. The IR of general abortion, EFM, and LFM cases were 0.98, 0.41, and 0.57 per 100 cow-months at risk, respectively. No statistically significant differences were found in the IR between cow breed, lactation number, and ecological zone, nor for the trend of abortions over calving years. The first ReR (for cows that had one previous abortion during the lactation) was 0.95, and the second ReR (for cows that had two previous abortions during the lactation) was 1.41 per 100 cow-months at risk. These results suggest that bovine abortions are an important ongoing problem in dairy farms in Costa Rica with potentially detrimental effects on the reproductive and productive performance of cows and may be representative of other specialized tropical dairy systems in Latin America.

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Examinando Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud por Materia "ABORTION IN ANIMALS"