Determinación de diferentes alergenos causantes de dermatitis atópica en caninos a través de pruebas intradérmicas en Costa Rica
Fecha
2008-01-16
Autores
Chavarría Chan, Daniel F.
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Editor
Universidad Nacional, Costa Rica
Resumen
La dermatitis atópica canina es una enfermedad frecuente cuyo manejo es complicado
y, muchas veces, frustrante. Los tratamientos tradicionales son sintomáticos y suelen asociarse
con efectos secundarios indeseables. Las pruebas intradérmicas permiten la selección de los
alergenos que desencadenan la alergia de cada paciente, por lo que son la base de la
inmunoterapia alergeno específica. En este trabajo, se analizaron 15 perros sanos para evaluar
si los alergenos utilizados eran adecuados según el criterio de Prélaud (2000), y 20 perros
diagnosticados como atópicos según los criterios de Willemse (1986). La prueba se realizó
bajo sedación y se probaron 44 alergenos, además de un control positivo (histamina 1:10.000)
y uno negativo (solución salina tamponizada y fenolada al 0.4%). La lectura de los resultados
se realizó a los 15 minutos usando un criterio objetivo y una escala de 0 a +4 según el tamaño
de la roncha formada. Todos los alergenos se utilizaron a una concentración de 1000 PNU/ml
y cumplieron con el criterio de Prélaud (2000). Dado que cada país presenta condiciones
climáticas y geográficas diferentes, los alergenos que son importantes para un país, pueden no
serlo para otro. En el caso de Costa Rica, los antígenos del Cynodon dactylon son los
principales responsables de la dermatitis atópica canina.
Canine atopic dermatitis is a common disease that is complicated, and often frustrating to handle. Traditional treatments are symptomtic and are associated with undesirable side effects. Intradermal testing helps to identify the cause of the allergy, thus allowing the selection of the allergens for allergen specific immunotherapy. In this study, 15 healthy dogs were used as controls to stablish that the allergens used met the criteria stablished by Prélaud (2000), and 20 atopic dogs according to Willemse´s criteria (1986). The test was performed under sedation and 44 allergens were tested, besides a positive control (histamine 1:10.000) and a negative control (phosphate-buffered saline with 0.4% phenol added). Results were read after 15 minutes using an objective criteria and were recorded using an scale from 0 to +4 according to the size of the wheal. All the allergens were used at 1000 PNU/ml concentration and met the Prélaud criteria (2000). Since every country has its own geographic situation and weather, what is important in one country can be irrelevant in another one. In Costa Rica, Cynodon dactylon is the most important allergen causing canine atopic dermatitis.
Canine atopic dermatitis is a common disease that is complicated, and often frustrating to handle. Traditional treatments are symptomtic and are associated with undesirable side effects. Intradermal testing helps to identify the cause of the allergy, thus allowing the selection of the allergens for allergen specific immunotherapy. In this study, 15 healthy dogs were used as controls to stablish that the allergens used met the criteria stablished by Prélaud (2000), and 20 atopic dogs according to Willemse´s criteria (1986). The test was performed under sedation and 44 allergens were tested, besides a positive control (histamine 1:10.000) and a negative control (phosphate-buffered saline with 0.4% phenol added). Results were read after 15 minutes using an objective criteria and were recorded using an scale from 0 to +4 according to the size of the wheal. All the allergens were used at 1000 PNU/ml concentration and met the Prélaud criteria (2000). Since every country has its own geographic situation and weather, what is important in one country can be irrelevant in another one. In Costa Rica, Cynodon dactylon is the most important allergen causing canine atopic dermatitis.
Descripción
Modalidad: Tesis
Palabras clave
DERMATOLOGIA VETERINARIA, ANTIGENOS, PERRO, DIAGNOSTICO DE LABORATORIO (MEDICINA VETERINARIA), ALERGIAS, COSTA RICA