Estudio comparativo de tres métodos tradicionales para el diagnóstico de Giardia spp. en caninos, frente a un ELISA de captura como prueba de oro
Fecha
2008-05-06
Autores
Carvajal Obando, Karla
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Editor
Universidad Nacional, Costa Rica
Resumen
Este estudio se realizó con 115 muestras de heces caninas para el diagnóstico de
Giardia spp. provenientes de diferentes clínicas veterinarias del Valle Central que remiten
sus casos al laboratorio ACOPSA, localizado en Heredia, Costa Rica.
Las muestras fecales caninas se recolectaron en un periodo de 6 meses
comprendidos entre marzo y agosto del 2005.
El diagnóstico respectivo para determinar la presencia del parásito en cada muestra
se realizó a partir de los métodos diagnósticos del ELISA de captura (IDEXX®),
microscopía directa, flotación con cloruro de sodio y tinción con hematoxilina férrica de
Heidenhain. De estas técnicas se eligió el ELISA de captura (IDEXX®) como prueba de
oro, y a partir de ella, se logró realizar el estudio comparativo entre las pruebas elegidas.
Se ejecutó un total de 460 procedimientos.
De las 115 muestras fecales, 30 fueron positivas a una o a varias de las técnicas
citadas anteriormente, mientras que 85 muestras fueron negativas a todas ellas.
Se determinó las características de las pruebas (sensibilidad, especificidad, valores
predictivos positivos y negativos) utilizando tablas de contingencia (2x2), así mismo se
estableció la concordancia y la evaluación diagnóstica entre las mismas.
Finalmente, se concluye que la tinción con hematoxilina férrica de Heidenhain es la
técnica convencional con la mayor sensibilidad, convirtiéndose de este modo, en el método
alternativo para el diagnóstico de Giardia spp
The present study was made with 115 samples of canine faeces, used for the diagnose of Giardia spp., coming from different veterinary clinics of the central valley of Costa Rica, that send their samples to Acopsa Laboratory in Heredia, Costa Rica. The canine faeces samples were gather during a 6 months period between March and August, 2005. The respective diagnose for determine the presence of the parasite on each sample, was made using the following diagnostic methods: capture ELISA (IDEXX®), direct microscopy, sodium chloride floatation and ferric haematoxylin dye of Heidenhain. Out of these techniques the capture ELISA (IDEXX®) was chosen as the gold standard method. A total of 460 procedures were carried-out. From the 115 faecal samples, 30 were positive to one or more than one diagnostic method and 85 samples were negative to all the laboratory of the laboratory techniques. The characteristics of the tests (sensitivity, specificity, and positive or negative predictive values) were described using contingency tables (2x2), also the concordance and the diagnostic evaluation was established between them. Finally it is concluded that the ferric haematoxylin dye of Heidenhain is the conventional diagnostic technique with the highest accuracy, becoming the alternative diagnostic method for Giardia spp.
The present study was made with 115 samples of canine faeces, used for the diagnose of Giardia spp., coming from different veterinary clinics of the central valley of Costa Rica, that send their samples to Acopsa Laboratory in Heredia, Costa Rica. The canine faeces samples were gather during a 6 months period between March and August, 2005. The respective diagnose for determine the presence of the parasite on each sample, was made using the following diagnostic methods: capture ELISA (IDEXX®), direct microscopy, sodium chloride floatation and ferric haematoxylin dye of Heidenhain. Out of these techniques the capture ELISA (IDEXX®) was chosen as the gold standard method. A total of 460 procedures were carried-out. From the 115 faecal samples, 30 were positive to one or more than one diagnostic method and 85 samples were negative to all the laboratory of the laboratory techniques. The characteristics of the tests (sensitivity, specificity, and positive or negative predictive values) were described using contingency tables (2x2), also the concordance and the diagnostic evaluation was established between them. Finally it is concluded that the ferric haematoxylin dye of Heidenhain is the conventional diagnostic technique with the highest accuracy, becoming the alternative diagnostic method for Giardia spp.
Descripción
Modalidad: Tesis
Palabras clave
PERRO, PARASITOS, DIAGNOSTICO (MEDICINA VETERINARIA), ELISA, COSTA RICA