Fortalecimiento de las habilidades de la lectura y escritura, a través del método Pictofónico (PiFo), dirigido a las personas estudiantes de IV año, de la Escuela Modelo Jesús de Nazareth, para el mejoramiento de su proceso de formación, periodo lectivo 2022-2023
Fecha
2023
Autores
Escobar Marchena, Jessica Mariela
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Editor
Universidad Nacional de Costa Rica
Resumen
El propósito del presente trabajo fue fortalecer la lectoescritura en personas estudiantes de
cuarto año, de la Escuela Jesús de Nazareth, Liberia, Guanacaste. Se construye bajo la
modalidad proyecto, para optar por el grado de Licenciatura en Pedagogía con énfasis en I y II
de la Educación General Básica. Basado en el Método Pictofónico (PiFo), el cual fue creado
por la Dra. María de los Ángeles Carpio Brenes, costarricense. El propósito de esta propuesta
pedagógica fue contribuir en el fortalecimiento de la lectoescritura a través de actividades
lúdicas que despertaran el interés de la población beneficiada. Como punto de partida en el
proceso de indagación, se parte de un diagnóstico socioeducativo, donde se devela las serias
dificultades que presentaban los infantes. El nivel de aprendizaje de éstos estaba por debajo
del nivel educativo, lo cual representó un reto fundamental al proponer una estrategia
pedagógica desde el método PiFo.
El trabajo se plantea desde el paradigma naturalista, con un enfoque cualitativo, y con un
diseño de investigación acción, en procura de comprender e intervenir el fenómeno educativo
que se estaba enfrentando. Entre los principales hallazgos encontrados se indica que las
características sociales y educativas de la población constituye un factor incidente en el
proceso de formación de las personas estudiantes, debido a que la familia como formadora
básica del ser humano, al no contar con lo mínimo y necesario para sufragar y apoyar a los
hijos e hijas, hace que haya limitantes que pudieron afectar el desarrollo cognitivo de los
discentes. Por otro lado, queda claro que los procesos de intervención pedagógica son
fundamentales, cuando se tiene claro la orientación que se le dará y la atención
individualizada que merecen los sujetos en estudio. Se agregan otros logros, entre ellos
cognitivos, de socialización, emocionales, valores y actitudes, fundamentales para el
desarrollo de sus habilidades en el proceso educativo. Se demuestra la efectividad de un
método de enseñanza flexibilizado para que provocara mejores efectos.
Este informe tiene cinco capítulos: introducción, construcción del marco teórico, plan
operativo de ejecución, sistematización , análisis e interpretación de resultados, conclusiones y
recomendaciones. Se invita a proseguir la lectura de este documento , el cual lo llevará por un
camino transitado de experiencias, con la consigna de que la esperanza no debe perderse, la
población estudiantil merece oportunidades de continuar aprendiendo.
The purpose of this work was to strengthen literacy in fourth-year students of the Jesús de Nazareth School, Liberia, Guanacaste. It is built under the project modality, to opt for the Bachelor's degree in Pedagogy with emphasis on I and II of Basic General Education. Based on the Pictophonic Method (PiFo), which was created by Dr. María de los Ángeles Carpio Brenes, Costa Rican. The purpose of this pedagogical proposal was to contribute to the strengthening of literacy through recreational activities that aroused the interest of the beneficiary population. As a starting point in the inquiry process, it starts with a socio-educational diagnosis, where the serious difficulties presented by infants are revealed. Their learning level was below the educational level, which represented a fundamental challenge when proposing a pedagogical strategy from the PiFo method. The work is proposed from the naturalistic paradigm, with a qualitative approach, and with an action research design, in an attempt to understand and intervene in the educational phenomenon that was being faced. Among the main findings found, it is indicated that the social and educational characteristics of the population constitute an incident factor in the training process of students, due to the fact that the family as a basic trainer of the human being, not having the minimum and necessary to pay for and support sons and daughters, causes limitations that could affect the cognitive development of students. On the other hand, it is clear that the pedagogical intervention processes are fundamental, when the orientation that will be given and the individualized attention that the subjects under study deserve are clear. Other achievements are added, among them cognitive, socialization, emotional, values and attitudes, fundamental for the development of their skills in the educational process. The effectiveness of a flexible teaching method is demonstrated to cause better effects. This report has five chapters: introduction, construction of the theoretical framework, operational plan for execution, systematization, analysis and interpretation of results, conclusions and recommendations. You are invited to continue reading this document, which will take you along a path traveled by experiences, with the slogan that hope should not be lost, the student population deserves opportunities to continue learning.
The purpose of this work was to strengthen literacy in fourth-year students of the Jesús de Nazareth School, Liberia, Guanacaste. It is built under the project modality, to opt for the Bachelor's degree in Pedagogy with emphasis on I and II of Basic General Education. Based on the Pictophonic Method (PiFo), which was created by Dr. María de los Ángeles Carpio Brenes, Costa Rican. The purpose of this pedagogical proposal was to contribute to the strengthening of literacy through recreational activities that aroused the interest of the beneficiary population. As a starting point in the inquiry process, it starts with a socio-educational diagnosis, where the serious difficulties presented by infants are revealed. Their learning level was below the educational level, which represented a fundamental challenge when proposing a pedagogical strategy from the PiFo method. The work is proposed from the naturalistic paradigm, with a qualitative approach, and with an action research design, in an attempt to understand and intervene in the educational phenomenon that was being faced. Among the main findings found, it is indicated that the social and educational characteristics of the population constitute an incident factor in the training process of students, due to the fact that the family as a basic trainer of the human being, not having the minimum and necessary to pay for and support sons and daughters, causes limitations that could affect the cognitive development of students. On the other hand, it is clear that the pedagogical intervention processes are fundamental, when the orientation that will be given and the individualized attention that the subjects under study deserve are clear. Other achievements are added, among them cognitive, socialization, emotional, values and attitudes, fundamental for the development of their skills in the educational process. The effectiveness of a flexible teaching method is demonstrated to cause better effects. This report has five chapters: introduction, construction of the theoretical framework, operational plan for execution, systematization, analysis and interpretation of results, conclusions and recommendations. You are invited to continue reading this document, which will take you along a path traveled by experiences, with the slogan that hope should not be lost, the student population deserves opportunities to continue learning.
Descripción
Palabras clave
EDUCACION, LECTURA, ESCRITURA, NIÑAS, NIÑOS, ESTRATEGIAS DE ENSEÑANZA, ESCUELAS, LIBERIA (GUANACASTE), EDUCATION, READING, WRITING, GIRLS, CHILDREN, TEACHING STRATEGIES, SCHOOLS