Elementos de crecimiento socioeconómico inclusivo y sostenible en la exportación de banano en Costa Rica del 2000 al 2018
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Fecha
2023-07-11
Autores
Díaz Porras, Rafael A.
Mata Martínez, David
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E-Agronegocios
Resumen
Esta investigación se realizó con la finalidad de analizar los procesos productivos que encierra la exportación de banano fresco en la zona Huetar Caribe, donde existen ejes conectivos entre el mejoramiento económico y social que establecen oportunidades para lograr un desarrollo sostenible en la industria. De esta forma, durante el periodo del 2000 al 2018, se llevó a cabo una estrategia de análisis basada en el enfoque de escalonamiento socioeconómico ampliamente utilizado en otras cadenas internacionales de valor como la textil y el turismo. El planteamiento tuvo un carácter cualitativo, donde se tomó datos numéricos como punto de partida para posteriormente profundizar por medio de la técnica de triangulación metodológica, que demandó la utilización de información primaria obtenida por medio de 45 entrevistas aplicadas en los principales poblados bananeros. Los resultados muestran que la industria creció de forma asimétrica, al obtener un mejor resultado económico para las empresas a causa de un incremento en la productividad, que no requirió de una mayor especialización en la fuerza laboral existente, aumento de la masa laboral, o la inclusión de nuevas plazas con mayor valor agregado, limitando en gran medida un mejoramiento social.
This research was carried out with the purpose of analyzing the productive processes involved in the export of fresh bananas in the Huetar Caribe zone, where there are connective axes between economic and social improvement that establish opportunities to achieve sustainable development in the industry. In this way, during the period from 2000 to 2018, an analysis strategy was carried out based on the socioeconomic staggering approach widely used in other international value chains such as textiles and tourism. The approach had a qualitative character, where numerical data was taken as a starting point to later deepen through the methodological triangulation technique, which demanded the use of primary information obtained through 45 interviews applied in the main banana towns. The results show that the industry grew asymmetrically, by obtaining a better economic result for the companies due to an increase in productivity, which did not require greater specialization in the existing labor force, increase in the workforce, or the inclusion of new places with greater added value, greatly limiting social improvement.
This research was carried out with the purpose of analyzing the productive processes involved in the export of fresh bananas in the Huetar Caribe zone, where there are connective axes between economic and social improvement that establish opportunities to achieve sustainable development in the industry. In this way, during the period from 2000 to 2018, an analysis strategy was carried out based on the socioeconomic staggering approach widely used in other international value chains such as textiles and tourism. The approach had a qualitative character, where numerical data was taken as a starting point to later deepen through the methodological triangulation technique, which demanded the use of primary information obtained through 45 interviews applied in the main banana towns. The results show that the industry grew asymmetrically, by obtaining a better economic result for the companies due to an increase in productivity, which did not require greater specialization in the existing labor force, increase in the workforce, or the inclusion of new places with greater added value, greatly limiting social improvement.
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Palabras clave
EXPORTACIONES, EXPORTS, BANANO, BANANA, COSTA RICA, DESARROLLO SOSTENIBLE, SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT, DESARROLLO SOCIECONOMICO, SOCIOECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT, AGRICULTURA, AGRICULTURE