Proceso de reforma del Banco Mundial: nuevos paradigmas de desarrollo en la década de los noventa
Fecha
1999
Autores
Valverde-Chaves, Jeannette
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Editor
Universidad Nacional, Costa Rica
Resumen
A partir de 1994 cuando el Grupo del Banco Mundial celebró si cincuenta aniversario, la institución asumió nuevas responsables producto de una serie de crecientes demandas de ayuda por parte de sus países prestatarios, así como solicitudes de sus miembros para incorporar dentro de sus políticas consideraciones sobre nuevos temas, como derechos humanos, buen gobierno, democracia, cuestiones relacionadas con los organismos especializados de Naciones Unidas, nuevas orientaciones en materia de políticas públicas como la salud, educación, planificación familiar, apoyo al sector privado y políticas de medio ambiente y desarrollo sostenible, relación con las organizaciones no gubernamentales entre otros temas, todos con el objetivo de lograr una mejor eficiencia global de los programas de asistencia multilateral y de desarrollo de la competitividad. Considerando lo anterior, este trabajo es el producto de una investigación sobre la reforma del Banco Mundial en la década de los noventa y analiza las implicaciones de la reforma en los países subdesarrollados, los cuales en mayor medida acuden al Organismo para obtener ayuda financiera y hacerles frente a sus múltiples proyectos locales.
Since 1994, when the World Bank Group celebrated its fiftieth anniversary, the institution took on new responsibilities as a result of a series of growing demands for assistance from its borrowing countries, as well as requests from its members to incorporate into their policies considerations on new issues, such as human rights, good governance, democracy, issues related to the specialized agencies of the United Nations, new orientations in public policies such as health, education, family planning, support to the private sector, environmental and sustainable development policies, and relations with non-governmental organizations, among other topics, all with the objective of achieving better overall efficiency of multilateral assistance and competitiveness development programs. Considering the above, this paper is the product of a research on the reform of the World Bank in the nineties and analyzes the implications of the reform in underdeveloped countries, which to a greater extent turn to the Agency for financial assistance and to face their multiple local projects.
Since 1994, when the World Bank Group celebrated its fiftieth anniversary, the institution took on new responsibilities as a result of a series of growing demands for assistance from its borrowing countries, as well as requests from its members to incorporate into their policies considerations on new issues, such as human rights, good governance, democracy, issues related to the specialized agencies of the United Nations, new orientations in public policies such as health, education, family planning, support to the private sector, environmental and sustainable development policies, and relations with non-governmental organizations, among other topics, all with the objective of achieving better overall efficiency of multilateral assistance and competitiveness development programs. Considering the above, this paper is the product of a research on the reform of the World Bank in the nineties and analyzes the implications of the reform in underdeveloped countries, which to a greater extent turn to the Agency for financial assistance and to face their multiple local projects.
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Palabras clave
GLOBALIZACIÓN, PAISES EN DESARROLLO, POLÍTICA ECONÓMICA, REFORMA ECONÓMICA, DEVELOPING COUNTRIES, ECONOMIC POLICY, ECONOMIC REFORM, GLOBALIZATION