Reducción de emisión de SO2 Y CO2 y eficiencia de energía en la industria siderúrgica China: Logros, problemas y desafíos (2011-2015)
Fecha
2017-03-04
Autores
Zhang Song, Yan Pengna
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Editor
Universidad Nacional, Costa Rica
Resumen
La tesis tiene como propósito evaluar logros, problemas en el periodo 2011-2015 y
desafíos en el futuro para la reducción de emisión de SO2 y CO2 y eficiencia de energía
en la industria siderúrgica china. Se aplica la recopilación de información y experiencias
a través de revisión bibliográfica y entrevistas a expertos. Se logra definir una tendencia a
la baja de la emisión de CO2 y SO2 y un aumento en la eficiencia de energía en el sector.
Las medidas tomadas a nivel empresarial y gubernamental son las tecnologías de
desulfuración de gas de combustión, la eliminación de las capacidades productivas, el
reciclaje de energía secundaria, el uso de tecnología de Apagado en seco del coque, el
establecimiento de sitios piloto para el comercio de derecho de emisión. Encontramos
también problemas existentes. Las inversiones en reducción de emisión y eficiencia
energética son un costo alto para una industria que está en pérdidas. Existe falta de
innovación tecnológica, conciencia ambiental e incentivos en el sector para sus acciones
de reducción de emisión y eficiencia energética. La ética empresarial de algunas
empresas no incluye responsabilidad ambiental. Se descubre algunos retos que implican
iniciativas como el Régimen Nacional de Comercio de Derechos de Emisión de 2017 y
los Ajustes Fiscales en Frontera Relativos al Carbono en un futuro. El sector puede
perder competitividad en el mercado internacional. La administración financiera debe
estar mejorada para manejar bien las cuotas de emisión. Esas iniciativas obligan a
empresas a buscar tecnologías nuevas
The thesis aims to evaluate achievements, problems in the period 2011-2015 and future challenges for the reduction of emissions of SO2 and CO2 and energy efficiency in the Chinese steel industry. The collection of information and experiences is applied through bibliographic review and interviews with experts. It is possible to define a downward trend in CO2 and SO2 emissions and an increase in energy efficiency in the sector. Measures taken at the corporate and government levels are the flue gas desulphurization technologies, the elimination of productive capacities, secondary energy recycling, the use of dry coke technology, the establishment of pilot sites for trade of allowances. We also find existing problems. Investments in emission reduction and energy efficiency are a high cost for a losing industry. There is a lack of technological innovation, environmental awareness and incentives in the sector for its actions to reduce emissions and energy efficiency. The business ethics of some companies do not include environmental liability. It discovers some challenges involving initiatives such as the National Emissions Trading Scheme of 2017 and the Border Tax Adjustments related to Carbon in the future. The sector may lose competitiveness in the international market. Financial management should be improved to manage emission quotas well. These initiatives force companies to look for new technologies.
The thesis aims to evaluate achievements, problems in the period 2011-2015 and future challenges for the reduction of emissions of SO2 and CO2 and energy efficiency in the Chinese steel industry. The collection of information and experiences is applied through bibliographic review and interviews with experts. It is possible to define a downward trend in CO2 and SO2 emissions and an increase in energy efficiency in the sector. Measures taken at the corporate and government levels are the flue gas desulphurization technologies, the elimination of productive capacities, secondary energy recycling, the use of dry coke technology, the establishment of pilot sites for trade of allowances. We also find existing problems. Investments in emission reduction and energy efficiency are a high cost for a losing industry. There is a lack of technological innovation, environmental awareness and incentives in the sector for its actions to reduce emissions and energy efficiency. The business ethics of some companies do not include environmental liability. It discovers some challenges involving initiatives such as the National Emissions Trading Scheme of 2017 and the Border Tax Adjustments related to Carbon in the future. The sector may lose competitiveness in the international market. Financial management should be improved to manage emission quotas well. These initiatives force companies to look for new technologies.
Descripción
Palabras clave
CHINA, INDUSTRIA SIDERURGICA, PRODUCCIÓN, MEDIO AMBIENTE, TECNOLOGÍA, STEEL INDUSTRY, PRODUCTION, ENVIRONMENT, TECHNOLOGY