Los gobiernos locales y su participación en el impulso de iniciativas de desarrollo económico, social y ambiental
Fecha
2015
Autores
Villamizar Rodríguez, Mario
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Editor
Universidad Nacional, Costa Rica
Resumen
La investigación prospectiva se ha convertido en los últimos años en una herramienta innovadora que permite determinar los escenarios deseados en el mediano y largo plazo, sea para el desarrollo local de algún cantón o el impulso de sectores productivos estratégicos. Actualmente, muchas instituciones públicas, empresas privadas y Gobiernos Locales impulsan este tipo de estudios, con el fin de tener como base una planificación estratégica que permita en el corto plazo, resolver asuntos urgentes, pero que para el mediano y largo plazo se puedan generar programas, planes y acciones dirigidas a lograr un real y sostenible impacto en el desarrollo económico, social y ambiental del país, que conlleve a la mejora en la calidad de vida de sus habitantes. El cantón de Santa Bárbara de Heredia, ha carecido en los últimos 30 años de una adecuada planificación urbana, económica, social y de desarrollo empresarial, lo que ha limitado su crecimiento, viéndose esto reflejado en los bajos índices de desarrollo humano, pobre índice de competitividad cantonal y por supuesto en indicadores puntuales como el desempleo, pobreza, acceso a las tecnologías y trabajo. En la actualidad la falta de un Plan Regulador y de políticas claras en cuanto al desarrollo empresarial y urbano, limitan la inversión y atracción de empresas y desarrolladores al cantón. De igual manera, la falta de una adecuada comunicación y articulación entre el Gobierno Local, las Instituciones Públicas de Gobierno, el Sector Empresarial y la Población Civil no permiten un escenario adecuado para el crecimiento y desarrollo sostenible del Cantón. Ante esto, se realiza un análisis de la situación actual del cantón; por así decirlo, se toma una fotografía al momento del estudio de los principales indicadores y de la realidad social, económica y ambiental, con el fin de tener una línea base análisis y así visualizar con el análisis prospectivo, los posibles escenarios deseados por los diferentes actores del cantón y las acciones a realizar para llegar a conseguirlos. Basado en la aplicación de la Metodología Delphi para la planificación prospectiva, en donde se entrevistan expertos públicos y privados relacionados con el quehacer del Cantón, sus sectores productivos y el sector público, se logran determinar sectores estratégicos y las acciones necesarias para lograr llegar concretar esas metas de crecimiento y de desarrollo sustentable, que permitirá la mejora en la calidad de vida de sus habitantes y demás actores sociales. Es claro que mejorar la eficiencia en la administración de la municipalidad, generar un proceso de articulación público-privada, la ejecución oportuna de los recursos económicos para la implementación de proyectos de alta importancia en el mediano plazo, así como la modernización del acueducto municipal, la elaboración del Plan Regulador, la atracción de empresas y la estabilización del desarrollo urbano y sus zonas de ubicación, se visualizan como los principales ejes de acción en la propuesta prospectiva y el plan de desarrollo del cantón de Santa Bárbara de Heredia.
Prospective research has become an innovative tool in recent years, allowing for the determination of desired medium- and long-term scenarios, whether for the local development of a canton or the promotion of strategic productive sectors. Currently, many public institutions, private companies, and local governments are promoting this type of study to establish a strategic planning framework that addresses urgent issues in the short term, while generating medium- and long-term programs, plans, and actions aimed at achieving a real and sustainable impact on the country's economic, social, and environmental development, leading to an improved quality of life for its inhabitants. The canton of Santa Bárbara de Heredia has lacked adequate urban, economic, social, and business development planning for the past 30 years, which has limited its growth. This is reflected in low human development indices, a poor cantonal competitiveness index, and, of course, in specific indicators such as unemployment, poverty, access to technology, and employment. Currently, the lack of a Regulatory Plan and clear policies regarding business and urban development limits investment and the attraction of companies and developers to the canton. Similarly, the lack of adequate communication and coordination between the Local Government, Public Government Institutions, the Business Sector, and the Civil Population does not create a suitable environment for the canton's growth and sustainable development. Therefore, an analysis of the canton's current situation is being conducted; essentially, a snapshot is being taken of the main indicators and the social, economic, and environmental realities to establish a baseline for analysis. This will allow for a prospective analysis of the possible scenarios desired by the canton's various stakeholders and the actions needed to achieve them. Based on the application of the Delphi Methodology for prospective planning, which involves interviewing public and private experts related to the Canton's activities, its productive sectors, and the public sector, strategic sectors and the necessary actions to achieve these growth and sustainable development goals were identified. This will allow for an improvement in the quality of life of its inhabitants and other social actors. It is clear that improving the efficiency of municipal administration, generating a public-private partnership process, ensuring the timely allocation of economic resources for the implementation of high-priority medium-term projects, as well as modernizing the municipal aqueduct, developing the Regulatory Plan, attracting businesses, and stabilizing urban development and its surrounding areas, are seen as the main areas of action in the prospective proposal and development plan for the Canton of Santa Bárbara de Heredia.
Prospective research has become an innovative tool in recent years, allowing for the determination of desired medium- and long-term scenarios, whether for the local development of a canton or the promotion of strategic productive sectors. Currently, many public institutions, private companies, and local governments are promoting this type of study to establish a strategic planning framework that addresses urgent issues in the short term, while generating medium- and long-term programs, plans, and actions aimed at achieving a real and sustainable impact on the country's economic, social, and environmental development, leading to an improved quality of life for its inhabitants. The canton of Santa Bárbara de Heredia has lacked adequate urban, economic, social, and business development planning for the past 30 years, which has limited its growth. This is reflected in low human development indices, a poor cantonal competitiveness index, and, of course, in specific indicators such as unemployment, poverty, access to technology, and employment. Currently, the lack of a Regulatory Plan and clear policies regarding business and urban development limits investment and the attraction of companies and developers to the canton. Similarly, the lack of adequate communication and coordination between the Local Government, Public Government Institutions, the Business Sector, and the Civil Population does not create a suitable environment for the canton's growth and sustainable development. Therefore, an analysis of the canton's current situation is being conducted; essentially, a snapshot is being taken of the main indicators and the social, economic, and environmental realities to establish a baseline for analysis. This will allow for a prospective analysis of the possible scenarios desired by the canton's various stakeholders and the actions needed to achieve them. Based on the application of the Delphi Methodology for prospective planning, which involves interviewing public and private experts related to the Canton's activities, its productive sectors, and the public sector, strategic sectors and the necessary actions to achieve these growth and sustainable development goals were identified. This will allow for an improvement in the quality of life of its inhabitants and other social actors. It is clear that improving the efficiency of municipal administration, generating a public-private partnership process, ensuring the timely allocation of economic resources for the implementation of high-priority medium-term projects, as well as modernizing the municipal aqueduct, developing the Regulatory Plan, attracting businesses, and stabilizing urban development and its surrounding areas, are seen as the main areas of action in the prospective proposal and development plan for the Canton of Santa Bárbara de Heredia.
Descripción
Palabras clave
DESARROLLO ECONÓMICO Y SOCIAL, ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT, DESARROLLO URBANO, URBAN DEVELOPMENT, GOBIERNO LOCAL, LOCAL GOVERNMENT, SOSTENIBILIDAD, SUSTAINABILITY
