Determinación de la capacidad de transmisión por semilla del amachamiento del frijol (Aphelenchoides besseyi Christie)
Fecha
2016
Autores
Hernández Fonseca, Juan Carlos
Chaves-Barrantes, Néstor
Araya Fernández, Carlos Manuel
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Universidad de Costa Rica
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Determinación de la capacidad de transmisión por semilla del amachamiento del frijol (Aphelenchoides besseyiChristie). El objetivo del presente trabajo fue determinar la capacidad de Aphelenchoides besseyi de ser transmitido por medio de la semilla en frijol. Durante el 2007 y 2008 se recolectaron semillas de plantas de frijol (cv. Cabécar) con síntomas característicos de amachamiento, en plantaciones comerciales de la región Brunca de Costa Rica (sureste del país). Entre setiembre del 2008 y setiembre del 2009, las semillas se sembraron en potes plásticos dentro de una casa de mallas en Veracruz de Pérez Zeledón, Costa Rica. Una vez emergidas, las plantas fueron observadas semanalmente para determinar la aparición de síntomas de amachamiento y detectar los casos de transmisión del nematodo en la semilla. Como respaldo a lo anterior, durante el 2014 se recolectaron semillas de plantas de frijol (cv. Cabécar) con síntomas de amachamiento, en plantaciones comerciales de cinco localidades de la región Brunca de Costa Rica. Las semillas se examinaron en un laboratorio de la Estación Experimental Agrícola Fabio Baudrit Moreno de la Universidad de Costa Rica en Alajuela, para determinar la presencia de especímenes de A. besseyi. En contraste con lo indicado para A. besseyi en arroz y pasturas, donde este patógeno se transmite por semilla, en frijol no fue posible rescatar individuos de este nematodo ni encontrar plantas enfermas a partir de semillas provenientes de plantas infestadas. Los resultados obtenidos indican que, bajo estas condiciones experimentales, la semilla de frijol no fue una vía efectiva para la transmisión y diseminación del amachamiento
Determination of the capability of common bean “amachamiento” (Aphelenchoides besseyi Christie) of being seed-transmitted. The objective of this research was to determine the capability of Aphelenchoides besseyiof being seed-transmitted in common bean. During 2007 and 2008, seeds were collected from nematode-infested common bean plants (cv. Cabécar) previously showing characteristic symptoms, in commercial plantations of the Brunca region of Costa Rica (southeastern area of the country). Between September 2008 and September 2009 the seeds were sowed in plastic pots in a greenhouse located in Veracruz, Pérez Zeledón, Costa Rica. Once seeds germinated, plants were observed weekly to determine the appearance of “amachamiento” symptoms and detect the cases of disease transmission by seed. To support the previous work, seeds from “amachamiento” diseased plants (cv. Cabécar) were collected in commercial common bean plantations in five localities of the Brunca region of Costa Rica in 2014. The seeds were carried to Estación Experimental Agrícola Fabio Baudrit Moreno of Universidad de Costa Rica located in Alajuela, where they were examined in a laboratory to determine the presence of A. besseyi specimens. Contrary to indicated for A. besseyi in rice and pastures, crops in which this pathogen is seed-transmitted, in common bean it was not possible find specimens of this nematode nor diseased plants from seeds of infested plants. The results obtained indicate that, under these experimental conditions, seeds are not an effective way for the transmission and dissemination of the “amachamiento” disease in common bean.
Determination of the capability of common bean “amachamiento” (Aphelenchoides besseyi Christie) of being seed-transmitted. The objective of this research was to determine the capability of Aphelenchoides besseyiof being seed-transmitted in common bean. During 2007 and 2008, seeds were collected from nematode-infested common bean plants (cv. Cabécar) previously showing characteristic symptoms, in commercial plantations of the Brunca region of Costa Rica (southeastern area of the country). Between September 2008 and September 2009 the seeds were sowed in plastic pots in a greenhouse located in Veracruz, Pérez Zeledón, Costa Rica. Once seeds germinated, plants were observed weekly to determine the appearance of “amachamiento” symptoms and detect the cases of disease transmission by seed. To support the previous work, seeds from “amachamiento” diseased plants (cv. Cabécar) were collected in commercial common bean plantations in five localities of the Brunca region of Costa Rica in 2014. The seeds were carried to Estación Experimental Agrícola Fabio Baudrit Moreno of Universidad de Costa Rica located in Alajuela, where they were examined in a laboratory to determine the presence of A. besseyi specimens. Contrary to indicated for A. besseyi in rice and pastures, crops in which this pathogen is seed-transmitted, in common bean it was not possible find specimens of this nematode nor diseased plants from seeds of infested plants. The results obtained indicate that, under these experimental conditions, seeds are not an effective way for the transmission and dissemination of the “amachamiento” disease in common bean.
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ENFERMEDADES DE LAS PLANTAS, FRIJOLES, NEMATODOS PARASITOS DE PLANTAS, PLANT DISEASES, BEANS, PLANT PARASITIC NEMATODES