La gestión de la cooperación técnica internacional en la oficina de asuntos internacionales y cooperación externa del Ministerio de Educación Pública de Costa Rica: 1998-2002
Fecha
2005
Autores
Calvo Valerio, Gaudy Patricia
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Editor
Universidad Nacional, Costa Rica
Resumen
La investigación analiza el problema de la gestión de la cooperación técnica internacional (CTI) en la Oficina de Asuntos Internacionales y Cooperación Externa (ASINCE) del Ministerio de Educación Pública de Costa Rica (MEP), durante la administración Rodríguez Echeverría (1998-2002). ASINCE forma parte del Sistema Nacional de Cooperación Internacional (SNCI). Donde es la instancia formal y oficial del MEP, responsable del proceso de gestión y coordinación de la cooperación internacional para el desarrollo (CID), a pesar de que tales responsabilidades no son adecuadamente desarrollas. Para demostrar lo anterior, el análisis se fundamentó en la Teoría General de Sistemas (TGS) y en la teoría de Interdependencia Compleja (IC) en Relaciones Internacionales. La primera para comprender que, en un modelo sistémico, la parte afecta al todo. Si una oficina institucional no cumple con sus responsabilidades es muy probable que a nivel nacional e internacional, los requerimientos y demandas (necesidades) no puedan ser debidamente atendidos, especialmente en la búsqueda de acceso a recursos. A su vez, en el tanto el sistema no funcione debidamente, la red de interrelaciones nacionales e internacionales (telaraña de la que habla la IC de Roberth Keohanne y Joseph Nye, 1988), se verán afectadas en su funcionamiento, operatividad y niveles de coordinación entre los distintos actores. Además, los autores de la IC, destacan la importancia que ocupa la cooperación internacional en las agendas globales. Aunado a la explicación teórica, fue necesario aplicar varios instrumentos de recolección de datos tales como: un análisis FODA, un diagnóstico institucional, y un cuestionario dirigido a funcionarios que en alguna forma estuvieron relacionados con el proceso de gestión de la CID en ASINCE durante el periodo de análisis, con el propósito de confirmar las deficiencias y la problemática planteada. Los datos obtenidos fueron organizados en una serie de variables que forman parte del proceso de gestión. Estas variables son: planificación y dirección, organización, servicios, recursos, y procedimientos, incluyendo la sistematización de la información Estos elementos explicaron las debilidades en la capacidad de gestión de ASINCE, y en consecuencia el bajo perfil del tema de la educación en la conformación de las agendas nacionales y globales; relacionada con las posibilidades de recursos externos que apoyan los programas y proyectos de interés institucional y nacional. De igual manera, los resultados obtenidos constituyeron el antecedente para proponer una serie de recomendaciones, con el objetivo de fortalecer factores que potencian mayor acceso a recursos tales como, capacidad de gestión institucional y sectorial, organización, coordinación, trabajo conjunto, y uso racional de los recursos. Lo que ciertamente debe ser el mayor compromiso de ASINCE, que tiene la obligación y la responsabilidad de gestionar la mayor cantidad de recursos posible, sean estos de carácter financiero o técnicos, y para lo cual la CID y su adecuada gestión pueden contribuir.
This investigation analyses the problem of the management of the international technical cooperation (CTI) in the Office of International Affairs and External Cooperation (ASINCE) of the Ministry of Public Education (MEP), during the presidency of Rodriguez Echeverria (1998-2002). ASINCE forms part of the National System of International Cooperation (SNCI). It is the formal and official entity of MEP, responsible of the process of management and coordination of the international cooperation for development (CID), eventhough those responsibilities are not fully develop. To show this, this analysis is based on the General Theory Systems (TGS) and in the theory of Complete Interdependence (IC) in International Relations. The first to understand that in a systematic model, each part affects all. If and institutional office doesn't perform its responsibilities, it's probably that in an international and national level, the requirements and demands (needs) cannot be met, especially in the search for the access of resources. Likewise, if the system doesn't work effeclively, the net of, national and international interrelations (the network emphasized by the IC of Roberth Keohane and Joseph Nye, 1998), would be affected in their performance, operations and levels of coordination among the different sectors. Besides, the authors of the IC state the importance of the international cooperation in the global agencies. For the theoretical explanation, data recollection instruments were used, such as FODA analysis, an institutional diagnosis, and a questionnaire addressed to administrators involved in any way to the process of management of the CID in ASINCE during the period of analysis, with the purpose of confirming the deficiencies and problems stated. The data obtained was organized in a series of variables that are part of the process of management. These variables are: planning and direction, organization, services, resources and procedures, including the systematization of the information. These elements explain the weaknesses in the ability of management of ASINCE, and in consequence the low consideration of the topic of education in the planning of national and global agendas, related to the posibilities of external resources that support the programs and projects of national and international interest. Similarly, the obtained results were de proof to propose several recommendations with the objective to strengthen factors that contribute to great access to resources such as ability to institutional and sectional management organization, coordination, teamwork and rational use of resources. This is the commitment of ASINCE whose obligation and responsibility is to manage great quantity of posible resources, either financial or tecnical, and for what CID and its adequate management can contribute to.
This investigation analyses the problem of the management of the international technical cooperation (CTI) in the Office of International Affairs and External Cooperation (ASINCE) of the Ministry of Public Education (MEP), during the presidency of Rodriguez Echeverria (1998-2002). ASINCE forms part of the National System of International Cooperation (SNCI). It is the formal and official entity of MEP, responsible of the process of management and coordination of the international cooperation for development (CID), eventhough those responsibilities are not fully develop. To show this, this analysis is based on the General Theory Systems (TGS) and in the theory of Complete Interdependence (IC) in International Relations. The first to understand that in a systematic model, each part affects all. If and institutional office doesn't perform its responsibilities, it's probably that in an international and national level, the requirements and demands (needs) cannot be met, especially in the search for the access of resources. Likewise, if the system doesn't work effeclively, the net of, national and international interrelations (the network emphasized by the IC of Roberth Keohane and Joseph Nye, 1998), would be affected in their performance, operations and levels of coordination among the different sectors. Besides, the authors of the IC state the importance of the international cooperation in the global agencies. For the theoretical explanation, data recollection instruments were used, such as FODA analysis, an institutional diagnosis, and a questionnaire addressed to administrators involved in any way to the process of management of the CID in ASINCE during the period of analysis, with the purpose of confirming the deficiencies and problems stated. The data obtained was organized in a series of variables that are part of the process of management. These variables are: planning and direction, organization, services, resources and procedures, including the systematization of the information. These elements explain the weaknesses in the ability of management of ASINCE, and in consequence the low consideration of the topic of education in the planning of national and global agendas, related to the posibilities of external resources that support the programs and projects of national and international interest. Similarly, the obtained results were de proof to propose several recommendations with the objective to strengthen factors that contribute to great access to resources such as ability to institutional and sectional management organization, coordination, teamwork and rational use of resources. This is the commitment of ASINCE whose obligation and responsibility is to manage great quantity of posible resources, either financial or tecnical, and for what CID and its adequate management can contribute to.
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Palabras clave
COOPERACIÓN INTERNACIONAL, COOPERACIÓN TÉCNICA, GESTIÓN, INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION, MANAGEMENT, TECHNICAL COOPERATION