Brucellosis in mammals of Costa Rica: an epidemiological survey
Fecha
2017-08-09
Autores
Hernández-Mora, Gabriela
Bonilla-Montoya, Roberto
Barrantes-Granados, Osvaldo
Esquivel-Suárez, Andrea
Montero-Caballero, Danilo
Fallas-Monge, Zeanne
Palacios Alfaro, Jose David
Baldi, Mario
Campos, Elena
Chanto, Grettel
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PLOS ONE
Resumen
La brucelosis ha sido una enfermedad endémica del ganado y los seres humanos en Costa Rica desde principios del siglo XX. Sin embargo, no se ha reportado brucelosis en ovejas, cabras, cerdos, búfalos de agua, caballos y cetáceos en el país. Hemos realizado un estudio de brucelosis en estas especies de mamíferos hospedadores, de 1999 a 2016. Además, hemos documentado el número de casos notificados de brucelosis humana entre 2003 y 2016. La seroprevalencia de brucelosis en rebaños de cabras y ovejas fue de 0,98% y 0,7% respectivamente, sin aislamiento de Brucella . No se detectaron anticuerpos contra Brucella en cerdos domésticos o salvajes. Asimismo, la seroprevalencia de brucelosis en granjas de caballos y búfalos de agua se estimó en 6.5% y 21.7%, respectivamente, sin Brucellaaislamiento. Seis especies de cetáceos mostraron reacciones positivas contra Brucella antígenos, y B . ceti se aisló en el 70% (n = 29) de los delfines rayados ( Stenella coeruleoalba ). Se observó un aumento constante en el diagnóstico de casos de brucelosis humana. Teniendo en cuenta la prevalencia de brucelosis en los distintos mamíferos hospedadores de Costa Rica, se recomiendan diferentes medidas.
Brucellosis has been an endemic disease of cattle and humans in Costa Rica since the beginning of XX century. However, brucellosis in sheep, goats, pigs, water buffaloes, horses and cetaceans, has not been reported in the country. We have performed a brucellosis survey in these host mammal species, from 1999–2016. In addition, we have documented the number of human brucellosis reported cases, from 2003–2016. The brucellosis seroprevalence in goat and sheep herds was 0.98% and 0.7% respectively, with no Brucella isolation. Antibodies against Brucella were not detected in feral or domestic pigs. Likewise, brucellosis seroprevalence in horse and water buffalo farms was estimated in 6.5% and 21.7%, respectively, with no Brucella isolation. Six cetacean species showed positive reactions against Brucella antigens, and B. ceti was isolated in 70% (n = 29) of striped dolphins (Stenella coeruleoalba). A steady increase in the diagnosis of human brucellosis cases was observed. Taking into account the prevalence of brucellosis in the various host mammals of Costa Rica, different measures are recommended.
Brucellosis has been an endemic disease of cattle and humans in Costa Rica since the beginning of XX century. However, brucellosis in sheep, goats, pigs, water buffaloes, horses and cetaceans, has not been reported in the country. We have performed a brucellosis survey in these host mammal species, from 1999–2016. In addition, we have documented the number of human brucellosis reported cases, from 2003–2016. The brucellosis seroprevalence in goat and sheep herds was 0.98% and 0.7% respectively, with no Brucella isolation. Antibodies against Brucella were not detected in feral or domestic pigs. Likewise, brucellosis seroprevalence in horse and water buffalo farms was estimated in 6.5% and 21.7%, respectively, with no Brucella isolation. Six cetacean species showed positive reactions against Brucella antigens, and B. ceti was isolated in 70% (n = 29) of striped dolphins (Stenella coeruleoalba). A steady increase in the diagnosis of human brucellosis cases was observed. Taking into account the prevalence of brucellosis in the various host mammals of Costa Rica, different measures are recommended.
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Palabras clave
COSTA RICA, BRUCELOSIS, BRUCELLA, MAMIFEROS, MAMMALS, EPIDEMIOLOGY, EPIDEMIOLOGÍA