La morosidad del impuesto de bienes inmuebles de la Municipalidad de Pérez Zeledón
Fecha
2004
Autores
Pérez Núñez, Kattia
Valverde Chavarría, Luis Diego
Título de la revista
ISSN de la revista
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Editor
Universidad Nacional, Costa Rica
Resumen
Las  Municipalidades  tienen a  su cargo la administración  de los intereses y servicios  locales  en cada cantón y son promotoras del  desarrollo comunal, con el apoyo de las agrupaciones comunales y demás entidades públicas.  Algunos sectores de la sociedad, han concluido que las corporaciones municipales,  han venido generando iniciativas,  ejerciendo  competencias  y prestando servicios  de  carácter  marginal  o  residual,  con  lo  que  se  ve desfigurada su capacidad transformadora de las comunidades,  por lo  que se insiste  en  fortalecerlas  para convertirlas  en verdaderos gobiernos locales, con  independencia  administrativa y  financiera,  que  les  permita dirigir  el desarrollo y bienestar de las comunidades. Las organizaciones  municipales  en todo el  país han tenido que enfrentar grandes  problemas  financieros,  no  debido  a  la  escasez  de  fuentes  de ingresos; sino a los altos índices de morosidad que mantienen en la recaudación de las diferentes obligaciones que deben cumplir los contribuyentes.  Esta problemática se ha venido a acrecentar con la Ley del Impuesto  de  Bienes  Inmuebles,  que  le  otorga  a  las  municipalidades la obligación   de   recaudar  dicho   impuesto,   que   general   las   propiedades inmuebles  ubicadas en su respectiva jurisdicción  y que además les otorga el carácter de Administración  Tributaria.  Esta Ley no solo  les  confiere a las Municipalidades  nuevas atribuciones,  si  no que les  da a las  mismas una nueva fuente de ingresos, con los cuales tendrían la oportunidad de incrementar de manera muy significativa el presupuesto anual. Si  bien es cierto,  que esta ley  le  abrió  la  posibilidad,  a las  municipalidades para que aumenten sus ingresos,  también es cierto  que aumentó aun mas los  porcentajes de morosidad,  pues sus sistemas de cobros no han tenido la efectividad, ya sea por malos controles, falta de seguimiento, imagen institucional,  subutilización de recursos y otros. El  tema planteado en esta investigación  es:  La morosidad del  Impuesto  de Bienes Inmuebles en la Municipalidad de Pérez Zeledón. El  trabajo consta de cuatros variables:  Sistema de cómputo,  Exoneración, Imagen Municipal e Influencia Política Partidista. Cada variable, se relacionó con las  respuestas de los  cuestionarios,  posteriormente se interrelacionaron las  respuestas entre sí, juntamente con la observación directa y documental. Para las  variables  se usaron las  técnicas de la entrevista  estructurada y la guía de observación directa, así como la aplicación del instrumento cuestionario.
Municipalities are responsible for the administration of local interests and services in each canton and are promoters of community development, with the support of community groups and other public entities. Some sectors of society have concluded that the municipal corporations have been generating initiatives, exercising competencies and providing marginal or residual services, which has disfigured their capacity to transform the communities, so there is an insistence on strengthening them to turn them into true local governments, with administrative and financial independence, allowing them to direct the development and welfare of the communities. Municipal organizations throughout the country have had to face great financial problems, not due to the scarcity of sources of income, but to the high rates of delinquency in the collection of the different obligations to be fulfilled by taxpayers. This problem has increased with the Real Estate Tax Law, which grants the municipalities the obligation to collect said tax, which is levied on real estate properties located in their respective jurisdictions and which also grants them the character of Tax Administration. This Law not only confers new powers to the Municipalities, but also gives them a new source of income, with which they would have the opportunity to significantly increase their annual budget. While it is true that this law opened up the possibility for municipalities to increase their income, it is also true that it further increased the percentage of delinquent payments, since their collection systems have not been effective, either due to poor controls, lack of follow-up, institutional image, underutilization of resources and others. The issue raised in this research is: The delinquency of the Real Estate Tax in the Municipality of Perez Zeledon. The work consists of four variables: Computing System, Exoneration, Municipal Image and Political Party Influence. Each variable was related to the answers of the questionnaires, then the answers were interrelated with each other, together with direct and documentary observation. For the variables, the structured interview techniques and the direct observation guide were used, as well as the application of the questionnaire instrument.
Municipalities are responsible for the administration of local interests and services in each canton and are promoters of community development, with the support of community groups and other public entities. Some sectors of society have concluded that the municipal corporations have been generating initiatives, exercising competencies and providing marginal or residual services, which has disfigured their capacity to transform the communities, so there is an insistence on strengthening them to turn them into true local governments, with administrative and financial independence, allowing them to direct the development and welfare of the communities. Municipal organizations throughout the country have had to face great financial problems, not due to the scarcity of sources of income, but to the high rates of delinquency in the collection of the different obligations to be fulfilled by taxpayers. This problem has increased with the Real Estate Tax Law, which grants the municipalities the obligation to collect said tax, which is levied on real estate properties located in their respective jurisdictions and which also grants them the character of Tax Administration. This Law not only confers new powers to the Municipalities, but also gives them a new source of income, with which they would have the opportunity to significantly increase their annual budget. While it is true that this law opened up the possibility for municipalities to increase their income, it is also true that it further increased the percentage of delinquent payments, since their collection systems have not been effective, either due to poor controls, lack of follow-up, institutional image, underutilization of resources and others. The issue raised in this research is: The delinquency of the Real Estate Tax in the Municipality of Perez Zeledon. The work consists of four variables: Computing System, Exoneration, Municipal Image and Political Party Influence. Each variable was related to the answers of the questionnaires, then the answers were interrelated with each other, together with direct and documentary observation. For the variables, the structured interview techniques and the direct observation guide were used, as well as the application of the questionnaire instrument.
Descripción
Licenciatura en administración de empresas con énfasis en dirección empresarial
Palabras clave
MUNICIPALIDAD DE PÉREZ ZELEDÓN (COSTA RICA), ADMINISTRACIÓN FINANCIERA, BIENES INMUEBLES, COBRO DE CUENTAS, GESTIÓN, GOBIERNO LOCAL, IMPUESTO A LA PROPIEDAD, MUNICIPALITY OF PÉREZ ZELEDÓN (COSTA RICA), FINANCIAL ADMINISTRATION, REAL ESTATE, COLLECTION OF ACCOUNTS, MANAGEMENT, LOCAL GOVERNMENT, PROPERTY TAX
