Trabajo, individualización y riesgo. Un estudio sobre las condiciones laborales de los conductores de UBER X en el cantón central de Heredia en el 2019
Fecha
2021-10-21
Autores
Velásquez Orozco, Jonathan
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Editor
Universidad Nacional Costa Rica
Resumen
El 25 de agosto del 2015, UBER inicia como un oferente más dentro del servicio de
transporte remunerado en Costa Rica; esta modalidad de trabajo se define a sí misma
como una economía colaborativa, la cual delimita su actividad como mediador entre
un usuario que necesita del transporte y un chofer que cuenta con el servicio para
ofertarlo.
La llegada de este servicio no solo provocó un debate por parte de grupos que se
encuentran a favor de o en contra de la aplicación, sino que, además, generó una
movilización por parte de un sector de la población que, además de contar con la
posibilidad de acceder a este servicio, también encontró un trabajo. Un tipo de
actividad que se puede catalogar como informal, y que carece de los requerimientos
para funcionar bajo la figura de la legalidad.
El trabajo que se presenta es una investigación sociológica que busca indagar,
comprender y explicar cómo las nuevas formas de gestión del trabajo, basadas en la
implementación del control digital, impactan en las condiciones de los trabajadores,
generando nuevas formas de control y riesgos que son trasladados en su mayor parte
desde la empresa hacia los choferes.
On August 25, 2015, UBER started as one more provider within the service of paid transport in Costa Rica; this modality of work defines itself as a collaborative economy, which delimits its activity as a mediator between a user who needs transportation and a driver who has the service to offer it. The arrival of this service not only provoked a debate on the part of groups that found in favor of or against the application, but also generated a mobilization by a sector of the population that, in addition to having the possibility of accessing this service, he also found a job. A kind of activity that can be classified as informal, and that lacks the requirements to function under the figure of legality. The work presented is a sociological investigation that seeks to investigate, understand and explain how the new forms of work management, based on the implementation of digital control, impact the conditions of workers, generating new forms of control and risks that are transferred for the most part from the company to the drivers.
On August 25, 2015, UBER started as one more provider within the service of paid transport in Costa Rica; this modality of work defines itself as a collaborative economy, which delimits its activity as a mediator between a user who needs transportation and a driver who has the service to offer it. The arrival of this service not only provoked a debate on the part of groups that found in favor of or against the application, but also generated a mobilization by a sector of the population that, in addition to having the possibility of accessing this service, he also found a job. A kind of activity that can be classified as informal, and that lacks the requirements to function under the figure of legality. The work presented is a sociological investigation that seeks to investigate, understand and explain how the new forms of work management, based on the implementation of digital control, impact the conditions of workers, generating new forms of control and risks that are transferred for the most part from the company to the drivers.
Descripción
Palabras clave
HEREDIA (COSTA RICA), TRANSPORTE PÚBLICO, PUBLIC TRANSPORT, CONDICIONES DE TRABAJO, WORKING CONDITIONS, TAXIS, CONDUCTORES, DRIVERS