Efecto de la endogamia sobre parámetros productivos en vacas Holstein y Jersey de Costa Rica
Fecha
2013
Autores
Aguirre Valverde, Judyana
Vargas Leitón, Bernardo
ROMERO-ZUÑIGA, JUAN JOSÉ
Título de la revista
ISSN de la revista
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Editor
Universidad de Costa Rica
Resumen
Efectos de la endogamia sobre parámetros repro-
ductivos en vacas Holstein y Jersey de Costa Rica. El
objetivo de este trabajo fue analizar el efecto de los niveles
de consanguinidad (F) en vacas Holstein y Jersey nacidas
entre enero de 1995 y diciembre de 2010 en hatos lecheros
especializados de Costa Rica. Los datos de la edad a primer
parto (EPP), días abiertos (DA) y servicios por concepción
(SPC) se procesaron en el año 2011 mediante estadística
descriptiva, regresión lineal múltiple (modelo mixto) y re-
gresión logística. Se empleó la base de datos (n=263 804)
del programa VAMPP Bovino de la Escuela de Medicina
Veterinaria de la Universidad Nacional, Heredia, Costa Rica.
Se utilizó como punto de corte un valor F ≥ 6,25% (alto/
riesgo). Resultó un 17,9% de animales con endogamia con F
promedio de 0,42% (0,49% y 0,55% para Holstein y Jersey).
Hubo 22,6% de Holstein consanguíneos y 20,3% de Jersey;
sin embargo, en Jersey hubo animales con F más elevados.
Las vacas con endogamia tuvieron un promedio de F de
2,16% para Holstein y 2,98% para Jersey. Las vacas con F
bajos tuvieron 18 días menos de EPP (p<0,01), en relación
a las que tienen F alto. En DA hubo 0,53 días más para ani-
males con F bajo (p=0,71), mientras que en SPC hubo 0,08
más servicios en vacas con F bajo (P<0,01). No hubo riesgo
de presentar DA o SPC mayores en animales F ≥ 6,25%, lo
que sí ocurrió para la EPP (OR=1,23; IC95% 1,10-1,38). La
endogamia no afectó los DA, pero sí levemente los SPC y la
EPP, en vacas Holstein y Jersey.
Effects of inbreeding on reproductive parameters of Costa Rican Holstein and Jersey cows. The objective of this study was to analyze the effect of high inbreeding (F) levels (≥ 6.25%) on reproductive parameters of Holstein and Jersey cows born between Jan 1995 and Dec 2010 in specia- lized dairy herds in Costa Rica. Data on age at first calving (AFC), open days (DO) and services per conception (SPC) from (n=263 804) from the VAMPP national data base, at the Veterinary School of the Universidad Nacional, was used. An F value ≥ 6.25% (high/risk) was used as a cut-off point. The data were processed using descriptive statistics, multiple linear regression (mixed model), and logistic regression. A 17.9% of animals had some inbreeding, with an F average of 0.42% (0.49% and 0.55% for Holstein and Jersey). 22.6% of Holstein and 20.3% of Jersey were inbreed; however, in Jer- sey, there were cows with higher F. Cows with some inbree- ding have an average F of 2.16% for Holstein and 2.98% for Jersey. Furthermore, cows with low F had 18 d less of AFC (p<0.01) compared to those with high F. Regarding the DO, there were +0.53 d for animals with low F (P= 0.71); while the cows with low F had +0.08 SPC (P<0.01). There was no risk of DO or SPC in animals with F ≥ 6.25%; which occu- rred for AFC (OR = 1.23; 95% CI: 1.10-1.38). According to this study, inbreeding did not affect the DO, but slightly affects the SPC and the AFC in Holstein and Jersey cows.
Effects of inbreeding on reproductive parameters of Costa Rican Holstein and Jersey cows. The objective of this study was to analyze the effect of high inbreeding (F) levels (≥ 6.25%) on reproductive parameters of Holstein and Jersey cows born between Jan 1995 and Dec 2010 in specia- lized dairy herds in Costa Rica. Data on age at first calving (AFC), open days (DO) and services per conception (SPC) from (n=263 804) from the VAMPP national data base, at the Veterinary School of the Universidad Nacional, was used. An F value ≥ 6.25% (high/risk) was used as a cut-off point. The data were processed using descriptive statistics, multiple linear regression (mixed model), and logistic regression. A 17.9% of animals had some inbreeding, with an F average of 0.42% (0.49% and 0.55% for Holstein and Jersey). 22.6% of Holstein and 20.3% of Jersey were inbreed; however, in Jer- sey, there were cows with higher F. Cows with some inbree- ding have an average F of 2.16% for Holstein and 2.98% for Jersey. Furthermore, cows with low F had 18 d less of AFC (p<0.01) compared to those with high F. Regarding the DO, there were +0.53 d for animals with low F (P= 0.71); while the cows with low F had +0.08 SPC (P<0.01). There was no risk of DO or SPC in animals with F ≥ 6.25%; which occu- rred for AFC (OR = 1.23; 95% CI: 1.10-1.38). According to this study, inbreeding did not affect the DO, but slightly affects the SPC and the AFC in Holstein and Jersey cows.
Descripción
Palabras clave
GANADO DE LECHE, ENDOGAMIA, COSTA RICA, PRODUCCIÓN LECHERA, MILK CATTLE, MILK PRODUCTION, ENDOGAMY