El destino de los fondos provenientes del Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo en Costa Rica
Fecha
1987
Autores
Ramírez Chacón, Edwin
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Editor
Universidad Nacional, Costa Rica
Resumen
Mediante la investigación sobre el destino de los fondos del Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo (BID) hacia Costa Rica, se pretende responder a varias inquietudes que surgen a raíz de la significativa cantidad de recursos que el país ha recibido de dicha institución.
Desde su fundación en 1959 hasta el 18 de agosto de 1983, el BID había aprobado la suma de U.S. $717.06 millones, de los cuales el país recibió U.S. $681,2 millones; ya que un préstamo por la suma de U.S. $35.8 millones se encontraba pendiente de ratificación en la Asamblea Legislativa de Costa Rica (ver anexo 2).
Por su naturaleza "tercermundista", el país necesita para su desarrollo bienes de un constante ingreso de finanzas internaciones o de bienes de capital en general, pero también se sabe que el crecimiento económico a base de deuda podría ser inconveniente para la economía nacional, si los recursos provenientes del exterior no se canalizan de una manera sana y acorde con las necesidades más apremiantes que el país afronta.
En este sentido, las preguntas que este trabajo se propone responder por medio del análisis bibliográfico y la entrevista personal, es en lo fundamental sobre cuáles han sido los resultados obtenidos en la aplicación de dicho dinero y su repercusión en un problema nacional tan sentido como es la deuda externa. Además, se busca conocer cuál es el entorno internacional en que se crea el BID, para posteriormente entender mejor su funcionamiento.
En el primer capítulo sobre la creación del BID se presenta una reseña histórica de las finanzas internacionales, con el objeto de ubicar lo dentro del contexto histórico y coyuntural en el cual surgió, para luego proceder al estudio de sus objetivos, estructura y su capital.
En el segundo capítulo sobre la importancia del BID en Costa Rica, se intenta en primera instancia, resaltar brevemente algunas características de la economía nacional, partiendo fundamentalmente de los fenómenos acaecidos en los últimos veinticinco años, para coincidir con la fecha de la creación del BID. Se hace un análisis sobre la problemática de la Deuda Externa y su relación con el BID, del cual se interfiere que el "trastorno económico" que el país sufre en la actualidad debido a su gigantesca deuda externa, no es un problema que se aplica en toda su real magnitud al sistema funcional y operativo del BID.
By investigating the destination of funds from the Inter-American Development Bank (IDB) to Costa Rica, we intend to answer several questions that arise from the significant amount of resources that the country has received from that institution. From its foundation in 1959 until August 18, 1983, the IDB had approved the sum of U.S. $717.06 million, of which the country received U.S. $681.2 million; since a loan for the sum of U.S. $35.8 million was pending ratification by the Costa Rican Legislative Assembly (see Annex 2). Due to its “third world” nature, the country needs for its development a constant inflow of international finance or capital goods in general, but it is also known that economic growth based on debt could be inconvenient for the national economy, if the resources coming from abroad are not channeled in a healthy manner and in accordance with the most pressing needs that the country faces. In this sense, the questions that this work intends to answer through bibliographic analysis and personal interview, is basically about what have been the results obtained in the application of such money and its repercussion in a national problem as deeply felt as the foreign debt. In addition, the aim is to learn about the international environment in which the IDB was created, in order to better understand its functioning. In the first chapter on the creation of the IDB, a historical review of international finance is presented, in order to place it within the historical and conjunctural context in which it emerged, and then proceed to the study of its objectives, structure and capital. In the second chapter on the importance of the IDB in Costa Rica, an attempt is made to briefly highlight some characteristics of the national economy, starting fundamentally from the phenomena that have occurred in the last twenty-five years, to coincide with the date of the IDB's creation. An analysis is made on the problem of the External Debt and its relation with the IDB, from which it is interfered that the “economic disorder” that the country suffers at the present time due to its gigantic external debt, is not a problem that applies in all its real magnitude to the functional and operative system of the IDB.
By investigating the destination of funds from the Inter-American Development Bank (IDB) to Costa Rica, we intend to answer several questions that arise from the significant amount of resources that the country has received from that institution. From its foundation in 1959 until August 18, 1983, the IDB had approved the sum of U.S. $717.06 million, of which the country received U.S. $681.2 million; since a loan for the sum of U.S. $35.8 million was pending ratification by the Costa Rican Legislative Assembly (see Annex 2). Due to its “third world” nature, the country needs for its development a constant inflow of international finance or capital goods in general, but it is also known that economic growth based on debt could be inconvenient for the national economy, if the resources coming from abroad are not channeled in a healthy manner and in accordance with the most pressing needs that the country faces. In this sense, the questions that this work intends to answer through bibliographic analysis and personal interview, is basically about what have been the results obtained in the application of such money and its repercussion in a national problem as deeply felt as the foreign debt. In addition, the aim is to learn about the international environment in which the IDB was created, in order to better understand its functioning. In the first chapter on the creation of the IDB, a historical review of international finance is presented, in order to place it within the historical and conjunctural context in which it emerged, and then proceed to the study of its objectives, structure and capital. In the second chapter on the importance of the IDB in Costa Rica, an attempt is made to briefly highlight some characteristics of the national economy, starting fundamentally from the phenomena that have occurred in the last twenty-five years, to coincide with the date of the IDB's creation. An analysis is made on the problem of the External Debt and its relation with the IDB, from which it is interfered that the “economic disorder” that the country suffers at the present time due to its gigantic external debt, is not a problem that applies in all its real magnitude to the functional and operative system of the IDB.
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Palabras clave
BANCOS DE DESARROLLO, INSTITUCIONES FINANCIERAS, DEVELOPMENT BANKS, FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS