Lectura en educación inicial: análisis de sus implicaciones en el contexto escolar, en la Escuela Pedro Pérez y La Asunción del circuito 01 durante el primer y segundo trimestre del año 2006
Fecha
2006-06
Autores
Alfaro Montes, Jacqueline
González Jiménez, Geovanna
Stevanovich Alpízar, Ana Yancy
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Editor
Universidad Nacional, Costa Rica
Resumen
Esta investigación tuvo como propósito analizar las implicaciones de la lectura inicial en el contexto escolar de la escuela Pedro Pérez y la Asunción. El análisis es de tipo descriptivo y se enmarca dentro del enfoque cualitativo, ya que con este tema se pretende describir situaciones de aprendizaje que se viven en el aula, con base en observaciones detalladas de comportamientos, actitudes, sentimientos y manifestaciones por los estudiantes y docentes. La literatura trata temas acerca de la lectura en niños y niñas en edades tempranas. Describe las actitudes de los estudiantes hacia la lectura temprana. Además, mediante la utilización de matrices se interpreta la información suministrada por los sujetos. La población estuvo conformada por docentes, padres de familia y alumnos de las dos instituciones educativas, a los cuales se les aplicó diferentes tipos de instrumentos entre los que resaltan: la entrevista, diario de campo, observaciones y otros, necesarios para una investigación cualitativa. Después de realizar el presente trabajo de investigación se concluye que el aprendizaje de la lectura en edades tempranas favorece el desempeño escolar de los niños y niñas, puesto que obtienen excelentes resultados en su rendimiento académico, sin embargo, los centros educativos no están preparados para atender este tipo de población y satisfacer sus necesidades. Por otra parte, el programa de estudios necesariamente deberá ser reformado ya que actualmente más niños y niñas llegan al primer nivel con conocimientos amplios en la lectura. Se recomienda también que los participantes de los procesos de enseñanza y aprendizaje tomen en cuenta las diferencias de los estudiantes, puesto que, no todos inician con el mismo nivel intelectual.
The purpose of this research was to analyze the implications of initial reading in the school context of the Pedro Pérez y la Asunción school. The analysis is of a descriptive type and is framed within the qualitative approach, since this topic is intended to describe learning situations experienced in the classroom, based on detailed observations of behaviors, attitudes, feelings and manifestations by students and teachers. The literature deals with topics about reading in children at early ages. It describes students' attitudes toward early reading. In addition, the information provided by the subjects is interpreted through the use of matrices. The population consisted of teachers, parents and students of the two educational institutions, to whom different types of instruments were applied, among which the following stand out: the interview, field diary, observations and others, necessary for a qualitative research. After conducting this research work, it is concluded that learning to read at an early age favors the school performance of boys and girls, since they obtain excellent results in their academic performance; however, the educational centers are not prepared to attend this type of population and satisfy their needs. On the other hand, the curriculum will necessarily have to be reformed, since nowadays more children reach the first level with extensive knowledge in reading. It is also recommended that those involved in the teaching and learning process take into account the differences among students, since not everyone starts with the same intellectual level.
The purpose of this research was to analyze the implications of initial reading in the school context of the Pedro Pérez y la Asunción school. The analysis is of a descriptive type and is framed within the qualitative approach, since this topic is intended to describe learning situations experienced in the classroom, based on detailed observations of behaviors, attitudes, feelings and manifestations by students and teachers. The literature deals with topics about reading in children at early ages. It describes students' attitudes toward early reading. In addition, the information provided by the subjects is interpreted through the use of matrices. The population consisted of teachers, parents and students of the two educational institutions, to whom different types of instruments were applied, among which the following stand out: the interview, field diary, observations and others, necessary for a qualitative research. After conducting this research work, it is concluded that learning to read at an early age favors the school performance of boys and girls, since they obtain excellent results in their academic performance; however, the educational centers are not prepared to attend this type of population and satisfy their needs. On the other hand, the curriculum will necessarily have to be reformed, since nowadays more children reach the first level with extensive knowledge in reading. It is also recommended that those involved in the teaching and learning process take into account the differences among students, since not everyone starts with the same intellectual level.
Descripción
Licenciatura en Pedagogía con énfasis en Educación Preescolar y Primera Infancia
Palabras clave
LECTURA, ENSEÑANZA, RENDIMIENTO ACADÉMICO, ESTRATEGIAS DE ENSEÑANZA, RELACIONES INTERPERSONALES, EDUCACIÓN PREESCOLAR, READING, TEACHING, ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE, TEACHING STRATEGIES, INTERPERSONAL RELATIONSHIPS, PRESCHOOL EDUCATION