Gestión Estratégica del Cooperativismo: Caso Cooperativa de Ahorro y Crédito de Ciudad Quesada en el periodo 2018-2020
Fecha
2023-02-18
Autores
Morris Lynott, William
Salas Gutiérrez, Mauricio
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Editor
Universidad Nacional, Costa Rica
Resumen
La planificación estratégica se ha consolidado como una de las formas en que las empresas
de diversos sectores maximicen sus recursos, y puedan alcanzar las metas propuestas. La
planificación estratégica se fue reformando y comprende ciertas herramientas que favorecen
los planteamientos que puedan hacer las organizaciones.
El movimiento cooperativo nace como una forma de aportar en la sociedad y poder,
además, brindar apoyo a sectores que no podían satisfacer sus necesidades de primera mano.
El gran aporte que realizan este tipo de organizaciones hace que la estrategia se convierta en
un elemento clave para contribuir con muchas más personas que ven en las cooperativas, un
apoyo.
La Cooperativa de Ahorro y Crédito de Ciudad Quesada (Coocique) forma parte del
movimiento cooperativo y se funda en 1965 en la Comunidad de Ciudad Quesada, San
Carlos. Al año 2020 contaba con 22 oficinas en diferentes partes del país, agrupando
aproximadamente 100 mil asociados.
Con la intención de fortalecer su accionar estratégico, Coocique fue analizada
mediante esta investigación acerca de la Gestión Estratégica que realiza. La investigación
consideró aspectos como la definición de los procesos de la cooperativa que tienen relación
con la estrategia, vínculos de actores claves de la organización y el alcance que ha tenido la
estrategia que implementa.
Con el análisis de la gestión estratégica de la Cooperativa de Ahorro y Crédito de
Ciudad Quesada, se identificaron elementos de relevancia como son su estructura como
cooperativa, procesos de preparación y análisis de la planeación estratégica, integración de
comisiones, gestión de proyectos, inteligencia de negocios, así como lo es el gobierno
corporativo.
Dentro del vínculo de actores, se entrevistó a cinco personas claves en el desempeño
de la estrategia en cuanto a temas como el interés en el asociado, lo fundamental que son los
colaboradores para la ejecución de acciones estratégicas, los procedimientos establecidos
para realizar proyectos, la gestión de cambio como forma de afrontar retos para la
organización y la madurez del gobierno corporativo. Todos estos son parte de los temas
incorporados en la investigación.
El uso de las herramientas también permitió enriquecer esta investigación. En este
sentido, se aplicó la herramienta del árbol de Giget, lo que permitió evidenciar aspectos de
importancia para la estrategia implementada. El valor agregado que genera la organización a
través de los productos y servicios ofrecidos a sus asociados, las capacidades que ha logrado
la organización y sus competencias formaron parte del análisis considerado desde el árbol de
Giget aplicado para Coocique.
La propuesta realizada a través de investigación busca orientar el trabajo de
planeación estratégica de Coocique en sus diferentes fases como se ha establecido. Destacan
las etapas de: análisis de la situación actual, análisis de la situación deseada, lineamientos e
indicadores estratégicos, y proyectos e iniciativas. Para lo contemplado en la propuesta se
plantean ciertas herramientas de planificación estratégica prospectiva que fortalecen el
análisis y las propuestas a realizar.
Strategic planning has established itself as one of the ways in which companies from various sectors maximize their resources and can achieve the proposed goals. Strategic planning was reformed and includes certain tools that favor the approaches that organizations can make. The cooperative movement was born as a way to contribute to society and also be able to provide support to sectors that could not satisfy their needs first hand. The great contribution made by this type of organization makes the strategy become a key element to contribute with many more people who see support in cooperatives. The Ciudad Quesada Savings and Credit Cooperative (Coocique) is part of the cooperative movement and was founded in 1965 in the Community of Ciudad Quesada, San Carlos. As of 2020, it had 22 offices in different parts of the country, grouping approximately 100,000 associates. With the intention of strengthening its strategic actions, Coocique was analyzed through this investigation about the Strategic Management it carries out. The research considered aspects such as the definition of the cooperative's processes that are related to the strategy, links of key actors in the organization and the scope of the strategy it implements. With the analysis of the strategic management of the Ciudad Quesada Savings and Credit Cooperative, relevant elements were identified such as its structure as a cooperative, preparation processes and analysis of strategic planning, integration of commissions, project management, intelligence of business, as is corporate governance. Within the link of actors, five key people in the performance of the strategy were interviewed regarding issues such as interest in the associate, how fundamental the collaborators are for the execution of strategic actions, the procedures established to carry out projects, the change management as a way to face challenges for the organization and the maturity of corporate governance. All of these are part of the themes incorporated into the research. The use of the tools also allowed us to enrich this research. In this sense, the Giget tree tool was applied, which allowed evidencing aspects of importance for the implemented strategy. The added value generated by the organization through the products and services offered to its associates, the capabilities that the organization has achieved and its competencies were part of the analysis considered from the Giget tree applied to Coocique. The proposal made through research seeks to guide Coocique's strategic planning work in its different phases as established. The stages of: analysis of the current situation, analysis of the desired situation, guidelines and strategic indicators, and projects and initiatives stand out. For what is contemplated in the proposal, certain prospective strategic planning tools are proposed that strengthen the analysis and proposals to be made.
Strategic planning has established itself as one of the ways in which companies from various sectors maximize their resources and can achieve the proposed goals. Strategic planning was reformed and includes certain tools that favor the approaches that organizations can make. The cooperative movement was born as a way to contribute to society and also be able to provide support to sectors that could not satisfy their needs first hand. The great contribution made by this type of organization makes the strategy become a key element to contribute with many more people who see support in cooperatives. The Ciudad Quesada Savings and Credit Cooperative (Coocique) is part of the cooperative movement and was founded in 1965 in the Community of Ciudad Quesada, San Carlos. As of 2020, it had 22 offices in different parts of the country, grouping approximately 100,000 associates. With the intention of strengthening its strategic actions, Coocique was analyzed through this investigation about the Strategic Management it carries out. The research considered aspects such as the definition of the cooperative's processes that are related to the strategy, links of key actors in the organization and the scope of the strategy it implements. With the analysis of the strategic management of the Ciudad Quesada Savings and Credit Cooperative, relevant elements were identified such as its structure as a cooperative, preparation processes and analysis of strategic planning, integration of commissions, project management, intelligence of business, as is corporate governance. Within the link of actors, five key people in the performance of the strategy were interviewed regarding issues such as interest in the associate, how fundamental the collaborators are for the execution of strategic actions, the procedures established to carry out projects, the change management as a way to face challenges for the organization and the maturity of corporate governance. All of these are part of the themes incorporated into the research. The use of the tools also allowed us to enrich this research. In this sense, the Giget tree tool was applied, which allowed evidencing aspects of importance for the implemented strategy. The added value generated by the organization through the products and services offered to its associates, the capabilities that the organization has achieved and its competencies were part of the analysis considered from the Giget tree applied to Coocique. The proposal made through research seeks to guide Coocique's strategic planning work in its different phases as established. The stages of: analysis of the current situation, analysis of the desired situation, guidelines and strategic indicators, and projects and initiatives stand out. For what is contemplated in the proposal, certain prospective strategic planning tools are proposed that strengthen the analysis and proposals to be made.
Descripción
Palabras clave
ALAJUELA (COSTA RICA), COOPERATIVA DE AHORRO Y CRÉDITO, ASSOCIATION OF SAVINGS AND CREDITS, PLANIFICACIÓN ESTRATEGICA, STRATEGIC PLANNING, COOPERATIVISMO, COOPERATIVENESS, COOPERATIVAS