Políticas de acceso al financiamiento del micro, pequeño y mediano productor en las cadenas globales de mercancías: crédito e IED
Fecha
2016-12-31
Autores
Diaz Porras, Rafael A.
Carranza, Carlos Francisco
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Editor
Revista de Política Económica y Desarrollo Sostenible
Resumen
En este artículo se integra la teoría y conceptos del enfoque de análisis de las cadenas globales de mercancías con la teoría y conceptos de la teoría financiera del financiamiento para proponer cambios en materia de derechos de propiedad, legislación comercial, legislación financiera y de supervisión, que permitan a las ins-tituciones financieras crear productos de financiamiento no convencionales para que pequeños productores rurales, pequeños grupos organizados de procesadores y pequeños exportadores tengan acceso al financia-miento o mejoren las condiciones en que lo reciben y así lograr que se integren de manera sostenible a las cadenas globales de mercancías. Aunque ambos enfoques conceptuales se manejan de manera independiente en la literatura, esta se analiza para determinar áreas que apoyen la propuesta de una aproximación al finan-ciamiento desde el punto de vista de las cadenas globales de mercancías, y que la misma se convierta en un nuevo paradigma de tecnología bancaria para los agentes financieros. Se analiza la estructura y los flujos de financiamiento entre agentes de la cadena y entre agentes de la cadena y agentes financieros, nacionales e internacionales, así como el rol de la inversión extranjera directa en el financiamiento de las cadenas globales de mercancías. La propuesta para los agentes financieros de crear nuevos instrumentos de financiamiento en el marco de las cadenas globales de mercancías se construye del análisis de las características de las cadenas, de los agentes productores y de los contratos, comerciales y financieros, que garantizan la recuperación de los recursos prestados.
This article integrates the theory and concepts of the approach of analysis of global commodity chains with the theory and concepts of the financial theory of financing to propose changes in property rights, commercial legislation, financial and supervisory legislation, enabling financial institutions to create non-conventional financing products so that small rural producers, small organized groups of processors and small exporters have access to finance;The European Union has a major role to play. Although both conceptual approaches are handled independently in the literature, the literature is analysed to identify areas that support the proposal for an approach to financing from the point of view of global commodity chains, and that it becomes a new banking technology paradigm for financial agents. It analyzes the structure and flows of financing between agents of the chain and between agents of the chain and financial agents, national and international, as well as the role of foreign direct investment in the financing of global commodity chains. The proposal for financial agents to create new financing instruments within the framework of global commodity chains is based on the analysis of the characteristics of chains, producer agents and contracts, commercial and financial, which ensure the recovery of borrowed resources.
This article integrates the theory and concepts of the approach of analysis of global commodity chains with the theory and concepts of the financial theory of financing to propose changes in property rights, commercial legislation, financial and supervisory legislation, enabling financial institutions to create non-conventional financing products so that small rural producers, small organized groups of processors and small exporters have access to finance;The European Union has a major role to play. Although both conceptual approaches are handled independently in the literature, the literature is analysed to identify areas that support the proposal for an approach to financing from the point of view of global commodity chains, and that it becomes a new banking technology paradigm for financial agents. It analyzes the structure and flows of financing between agents of the chain and between agents of the chain and financial agents, national and international, as well as the role of foreign direct investment in the financing of global commodity chains. The proposal for financial agents to create new financing instruments within the framework of global commodity chains is based on the analysis of the characteristics of chains, producer agents and contracts, commercial and financial, which ensure the recovery of borrowed resources.
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Palabras clave
FINANCIAMIENTO, CADENA DE VALOR, PEQUEÑAS EMPRESAS, PRODUCTORES, PEQUEÑOS AGRICULTORES, COSTA RICA, FINANCE, VALUE CHAIN, SMALL BUSINESS, PRODUCERS, SMALL FARMERS