Gestión del Instituto de Desarrollo Rural INDER: caso del Desarrollo Local en Asentamiento La Lucha - Pococí
Fecha
2015
Autores
Taylor Barrios, Giselle
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Editor
Universidad Nacional, Costa Rica
Resumen
En ésta investigación, se realiza un análisis de las características de gestión del INDER (Instituto de desarrollo rural) y las instituciones de apoyo; así como su efecto en las familias del asentamiento La Lucha, ubicado en el distrito Cariari, Cantón Pococí, Provincia Limón. Asimismo, se incluyen los aspectos: agrario, social (organización, cultura), económico (productivo, economía familiar) y ambiental, para formular propuestas diferenciadas, en pro del desarrollo con equidad. Además, se pretende, con este trabajo, contribuir con un enfoque integral del desarrollo rural desde lo local, tomando en cuenta el tratamiento integral y objetivo de aspectos relacionados con el desarrollo cotidiano y sostenible de las familias. Ahora bien, para analizar la relación entre la gestión institucional del INDER e instituciones de apoyo en el mejoramiento de las condiciones de vida de las familias del asentamiento La Lucha y formular propuestas de fortalecimiento integral para las familias se utilizó el enfoque hermenéutico, expuesto por Martin Heidegger (1927) quien a decir de Torres (2014) “Busca los motivos internos de la acción humana, mediante procesos libres, no estructurados, sino sistematizados, que tienen su fuente en la filosofía humanista, el investigador hace una interpretación de los motivos internos de la acción humana, de fenómenos reales”. Por lo tanto, la principal estrategia para conseguir el objetivo de la investigación, tiene que ver con el método constructivista. Lo anterior, tomando en cuenta que se desarrollan interacciones dinámicas entre sujeto y objeto para construir conocimiento, mediante la sistematización de técnicas y herramientas por medio de las cuales se llegó a propuestas. Metodológicamente se toma en cuenta la población de estudio, a saber: las unidades de análisis que intervienen en la investigación. En la presente investigación estas unidades son básicamente las familias, organizaciones del asentamiento de estudio, así como las instituciones relacionadas con la gestión de dicha comunidad. En el asentamiento se aplicó el instrumento de la entrevista a las familias asentadas, con la finalidad de sistematizar y analizar la información integral que se recoja y complementariamente realizar investigación en fuentes secundarias y entrevistas. En el nivel institucional, para concluir con propuestas novedosas, que conlleven un cambio en la gestión institucional para la calidad de vida de las familias rurales del asentamiento La Lucha, así como estrategias de autogestión para las mismas. Los principales hallazgos de la presente investigación se relacionan con la problemática básica humana; la cual a partir de lo social (cultural) trascienden a campos como el económico, y el ambiental. Ahora bien, para el desarrollo sostenible del Asentamiento La Lucha en Cariari- Pococí existen dinámicas que históricamente no se han tratado o auscultado adecuadamente. El estudio muestra que existe falta de articulación, coordinación y ética en la labor institucional, lo cual ocasiona efectos multiplicadores de desmotivación personal familiar y organizacional con falta de credibilidad hacia las instituciones por parte de la comunidad: problemas de salud para enfrentar emprendimientos, problemas de amenazas (inundaciones) que afectan su producción, plagas, y como uno de los efectos más agobiantes, la existencia del intermediario en la comercialización de productos. Además, existe falta de solidaridad; lo anterior trae como consecuencia la falta de integración organizacional, para consolidar proyectos exitosos. Asimismo, existen algunos problemas interpersonales en el núcleo familiar, lo cual dificulta los emprendimientos individuales y de organización, con el consecuente desaprovechamiento de apoyos institucionales para su éxito gradual como familia u organización. Por último, para enriquecer la investigación, se citan en el Marco teórico autores como: Jara, Gordillo, Bautista, Castro, Alburquerque, Paredes, Sepúlveda y CEPAL entre otros; con planteamientos estrechamente relacionados con el tema de investigación.
This research analyzes the management characteristics of INDER (Rural Development Institute) and its supporting institutions, as well as their impact on families in the La Lucha settlement, located in the Cariari district, Pococí canton, Limón province. It also considers agrarian, social (organization, culture), economic (production, family economy), and environmental aspects to formulate differentiated proposals for equitable development. Furthermore, this work aims to contribute to a comprehensive approach to rural development from a local perspective, taking into account the holistic and objective treatment of aspects related to the daily and sustainable development of families. Now, to analyze the relationship between the institutional management of INDER and support institutions in improving the living conditions of families in the La Lucha settlement and to formulate proposals for comprehensive strengthening of these families, the hermeneutic approach, as presented by Martin Heidegger (1927), was used. According to Torres (2014), Heidegger "seeks the internal motives of human action through free, unstructured, yet systematized processes rooted in humanist philosophy. The researcher interprets the internal motives of human action based on real phenomena." Therefore, the main strategy for achieving the research objective is the constructivist method. This approach considers the dynamic interactions between subject and object that develop to construct knowledge through the systematization of techniques and tools, leading to the proposed solutions. Methodologically, the study population is taken into account, namely: the units of analysis involved in the research. In this research, the units studied are primarily the families, organizations within the settlement under investigation, and institutions involved in the management of that community. Interviews were conducted with the families residing in the settlement to systematize and analyze the comprehensive information gathered. This was complemented by research using secondary sources and additional interviews. At the institutional level, the aim was to develop innovative proposals that would lead to changes in institutional management to improve the quality of life for rural families in the La Lucha settlement, as well as to develop self-management strategies for these families. The main findings of this research relate to fundamental human problems, which, originating in the social (cultural) sphere, extend into areas such as the economic and environmental. Furthermore, for the sustainable development of the La Lucha Settlement in Cariari-Pococí, there are dynamics that have not historically been adequately addressed or examined. The study reveals a lack of articulation, coordination, and ethics in institutional work, leading to a multiplier effect of personal, familial, and organizational demotivation and a lack of trust in institutions within the community. This manifests as health problems that hinder entrepreneurial endeavors, threats such as floods that affect production, pests, and, most critically, the presence of intermediaries in product marketing. Furthermore, a lack of solidarity results in insufficient organizational integration, hindering the consolidation of successful projects. Interpersonal problems within families also impede individual and organizational entrepreneurship, leading to the underutilization of institutional support for gradual success as families or organizations. Finally, to enrich the research, the theoretical framework cites authors such as Jara, Gordillo, Bautista, Castro, Alburquerque, Paredes, Sepúlveda, and ECLAC, among others, whose approaches are closely related to the research topic.
This research analyzes the management characteristics of INDER (Rural Development Institute) and its supporting institutions, as well as their impact on families in the La Lucha settlement, located in the Cariari district, Pococí canton, Limón province. It also considers agrarian, social (organization, culture), economic (production, family economy), and environmental aspects to formulate differentiated proposals for equitable development. Furthermore, this work aims to contribute to a comprehensive approach to rural development from a local perspective, taking into account the holistic and objective treatment of aspects related to the daily and sustainable development of families. Now, to analyze the relationship between the institutional management of INDER and support institutions in improving the living conditions of families in the La Lucha settlement and to formulate proposals for comprehensive strengthening of these families, the hermeneutic approach, as presented by Martin Heidegger (1927), was used. According to Torres (2014), Heidegger "seeks the internal motives of human action through free, unstructured, yet systematized processes rooted in humanist philosophy. The researcher interprets the internal motives of human action based on real phenomena." Therefore, the main strategy for achieving the research objective is the constructivist method. This approach considers the dynamic interactions between subject and object that develop to construct knowledge through the systematization of techniques and tools, leading to the proposed solutions. Methodologically, the study population is taken into account, namely: the units of analysis involved in the research. In this research, the units studied are primarily the families, organizations within the settlement under investigation, and institutions involved in the management of that community. Interviews were conducted with the families residing in the settlement to systematize and analyze the comprehensive information gathered. This was complemented by research using secondary sources and additional interviews. At the institutional level, the aim was to develop innovative proposals that would lead to changes in institutional management to improve the quality of life for rural families in the La Lucha settlement, as well as to develop self-management strategies for these families. The main findings of this research relate to fundamental human problems, which, originating in the social (cultural) sphere, extend into areas such as the economic and environmental. Furthermore, for the sustainable development of the La Lucha Settlement in Cariari-Pococí, there are dynamics that have not historically been adequately addressed or examined. The study reveals a lack of articulation, coordination, and ethics in institutional work, leading to a multiplier effect of personal, familial, and organizational demotivation and a lack of trust in institutions within the community. This manifests as health problems that hinder entrepreneurial endeavors, threats such as floods that affect production, pests, and, most critically, the presence of intermediaries in product marketing. Furthermore, a lack of solidarity results in insufficient organizational integration, hindering the consolidation of successful projects. Interpersonal problems within families also impede individual and organizational entrepreneurship, leading to the underutilization of institutional support for gradual success as families or organizations. Finally, to enrich the research, the theoretical framework cites authors such as Jara, Gordillo, Bautista, Castro, Alburquerque, Paredes, Sepúlveda, and ECLAC, among others, whose approaches are closely related to the research topic.
Descripción
Maestría en Planificación Énfasis Desarrollo Local
Palabras clave
DESARROLLO RURAL, RURAL DEVELOPMENT, CONDICIONES DE VIDA, LIVING CONDITIONS, ASENTAMIENTOS HUMANOS, HUMAN SETTLEMENTS, DESARROLLO ECONOMICO Y SOCIAL, ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT, ECONOMÍA DOMÉSTICA, HOME ECONOMY
