La genealogía descendente de María de Aguilar: evidencia del mestizaje colonial temprano en Costa Rica
Fecha
2010-06
Autores
Morera, Bernal
Meléndez Obando, Mauricio
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Editor
Universidad Estatal a Distancia (Costa Rica)
Resumen
Por mucho tiempo historiadores y genealogistas han interpretado que la elite dominante que se formó tras la conquista española era exclusivamente europea. Se reconstruyó una genealogía matrilineal que incluye expresidentes y altos dignatarios religiosos recientes de Costa Rica, hasta sus ancestros en la sociedad Colonial temprana en el siglo XVII, y se comparó la concordancia entre las afiliaciones étnicas deducidas a partir de los registros históricos y la herencia de los linajes maternos. Se analizó el ADN mitocondrial de descendientes actuales de este linaje. El linaje ADNmt observado corresponde con una ancestría amerindia. Estos resultados corroboran que un flujo de genes amerindios tuvo lugar hacia el grupo español en las primeras generaciones de la sociedad colonial, en contraste con las ideas generalmente aceptadas de que la elite española evitaba los matrimonios exogámicos con grupos de otro origen étnico.
During long time, historians and genealogists have interpreted that the elite that emerged during the Spanish Conquest was almost exclusively European. We reconstructed a deep matrilineal genealogy which includes recent Costa Rican ex-presidents and religious authorities back to their ancestors at the early 17th century, and compared their historic ethnic affinities with genetic mitochondrial evidence of some living descendents. The observed DNA lineage has an Amerindian ancestry. Such results point out that an Amerindian gene flow had occurred into the Spanish group during the first generations of colonial society. This conclusion do not support the current idea that the Spanish elite avoided interethnic marriages.
During long time, historians and genealogists have interpreted that the elite that emerged during the Spanish Conquest was almost exclusively European. We reconstructed a deep matrilineal genealogy which includes recent Costa Rican ex-presidents and religious authorities back to their ancestors at the early 17th century, and compared their historic ethnic affinities with genetic mitochondrial evidence of some living descendents. The observed DNA lineage has an Amerindian ancestry. Such results point out that an Amerindian gene flow had occurred into the Spanish group during the first generations of colonial society. This conclusion do not support the current idea that the Spanish elite avoided interethnic marriages.
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Palabras clave
GENEALOGÍA, ETHNIC HISTORY, COSTA RICA, MESTIZOS, GENÉTICA, ADN, GENETICS