Fasciola hepatica en ganado bovino de carne en Siquirres y lesiones anatomo-histopatológicas de hígados bovinos decomisados en mataderos de Costa Rica.
Fecha
2013-12-01
Autores
Alpizar Solis, Carlos Ernesto
Oliveira, Jaqueline Bianque
Jiménez Rocha, Ana Eugenia
Hernandez, Jorge
Berrocal Avila, Alexis
Romero-Zúñiga, Juan José
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Editor
Revista Agronomía Costarricense
Resumen
El presente estudio fue realizado con el objetivo de determinar la infección por Fasciola hepatica (F. hepatica) en una finca dedicada al ganado de carne en el cantón de Siquirres, provincia de Limón para caracterizar las lesiones más comunes de hígados parasitados, en 3 plantas de sacrificio de bovinos del país. De agosto del 2005 a agosto del 2006, fueron recolectadas muestras fecales de 577 bovinos de razas cebuinas con edades entre 6 meses y 2,5 años. Cada muestra fue sometida a la técnica coprológica de sedimentación; también se buscaron y recolectaron moluscos con el objetivo de identificar la(s) especie(s) involucrada(s) en la transmisión del parásito en la finca. Asimismo, se recolectaron muestras de hígados bovinos infectados con el parásito en 3 mataderos del Valle Central, para el análisis histopatológico. F. hepatica fue diagnosticada en 67 (11,3%) de los 577 bovinos evaluados, y el porcentaje de infección fue mayor en agosto del 2005 (31,6%) y agosto del 2006 (26,2%). Además, los animales con edades entre 18 y 24 meses mostraron mayor frecuencia de infección (19,4%), mientras que los animales de 12 a menos de 18 meses mostraron la menor frecuencia de infección (2,4%). Los caracoles identificados fueron de la especie Thiara tuberculata, que no fue identificada como vector de F. hepatica. Las principales lesiones en los hígados decomisados fueron atrofia moderada de lóbulos hepáticos, aumento de consistencia, engrosamiento de ductos hepáticos con presen cia de calcificación, material mucoso y formas adultas del parásito. Histológicamente corresponden a colangiohepatitis necrótica con formación de depósitos cálcicos distróficos e hiperplasia de ductos biliares. Con base en los resultados obtenidos se pudo determinar la presencia de F. hepatica en los bovinos de la finca y de la zona, con marcado incremento de la infección en la época lluviosa, además del hallazgo colateral de Paramphistomun spp.
Fasciola hepatica infection in beef cattle in Siquirres and anatomo-histopathologic lesions of confiscated bovine livers in slaughters in Costa Rica. This study was carried out in order to determine Fasciola hepatica infection in a farm dedicated to fattening beef cattle in Siquirres, Limón province; also, to characterize the most common lesions in parasitized bovine livers in 3 slaughterhouses in Costa Rica. Fecal samples were collected from 577 zebu bovines aging between 6 months and 2.5 years, from August 2005 to August 2006. Each sample was analyzed by the fecal sedimentation technique. To identify the species involved in parasite transmission, a search and collection of mollusks in the farm was also done. Besides, samples of infected bovine livers were collected in 3 slaughterhouses of the Central Valley, for histopathologic analysis. F. hepatica was diagnosed in 67 (11.3%) out of 577 animals, with the highest percentage of infection in August 2005 (31.6%) and August 2006 (26.2%). Animals aging between 18 and 24 months showed higher infection frequency (19.4%) than those between 12 and less than 18 months of age (2.4%). Thiara tuberculata, the snail specie found in the farm, was not identified as vector of F. hepatica. Main lesions in sampled infected livers were mild atrophy of hepatic lobes, tissue hardening, biliary ducts thickening with calcification, mucous material and adult parasites. Histologically, lesions were necrotic colangiohepatitis with dystrophic calcium deposits, together with biliary ducts hyperplasia. Based in these results, it was determined the presence of F. hepatica in bovines in this farm and in the region, with a marked infection increase in the rainy season, besides the collateral finding of Paramphistomum.
Fasciola hepatica infection in beef cattle in Siquirres and anatomo-histopathologic lesions of confiscated bovine livers in slaughters in Costa Rica. This study was carried out in order to determine Fasciola hepatica infection in a farm dedicated to fattening beef cattle in Siquirres, Limón province; also, to characterize the most common lesions in parasitized bovine livers in 3 slaughterhouses in Costa Rica. Fecal samples were collected from 577 zebu bovines aging between 6 months and 2.5 years, from August 2005 to August 2006. Each sample was analyzed by the fecal sedimentation technique. To identify the species involved in parasite transmission, a search and collection of mollusks in the farm was also done. Besides, samples of infected bovine livers were collected in 3 slaughterhouses of the Central Valley, for histopathologic analysis. F. hepatica was diagnosed in 67 (11.3%) out of 577 animals, with the highest percentage of infection in August 2005 (31.6%) and August 2006 (26.2%). Animals aging between 18 and 24 months showed higher infection frequency (19.4%) than those between 12 and less than 18 months of age (2.4%). Thiara tuberculata, the snail specie found in the farm, was not identified as vector of F. hepatica. Main lesions in sampled infected livers were mild atrophy of hepatic lobes, tissue hardening, biliary ducts thickening with calcification, mucous material and adult parasites. Histologically, lesions were necrotic colangiohepatitis with dystrophic calcium deposits, together with biliary ducts hyperplasia. Based in these results, it was determined the presence of F. hepatica in bovines in this farm and in the region, with a marked infection increase in the rainy season, besides the collateral finding of Paramphistomum.
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Palabras clave
PARASITOS, GANADO BOVINO, COSTA RICA, FASCIOLA, ENFERMEDADES HEPÁTICAS, MATADEROS, PARASITES, BOVINE CATTLE, LIVER DISEASES, SLAUGHTERS