Posicionamiento taxonómico del género Neogonodactylus mediante marcadores moleculares y biometría en Bahía Santa Elena y Bahía Thomas, Pacífico Norte, Costa Rica
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Fecha
2020
Autores
Alvarado Mora, Alonso
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Universidad Nacional (Costa Rica)
Resumen
Los estomatópodos poseen una morfología que los distingue del resto de especies de la clase Malacostraca, las características que más destacan son, los ojos, los maxlípedos, los apéndices raptoriales, el telson y la placa del rostro. Se estudiaron las relaciones entre las especies del género Neogonodactylus (Manning, 1995), N. bahiahondensis, N. costaricensis, N. festae, N. stanschi y N. zacae, en el Pacífico Norte de Costa Rica, por medio de análisis biométricos y genéticos, específicamente los marcadores moleculares COI y 28s. Por medio de estos análisis se logró detectar individuos con características diagnósticas de dos especies distintas, N. costaricensis y N. bahiahondensis, estos fueron denominados “N. costaricensis – N. bahiahondensis”. El análisis de componentes principales permitió determinar las características que más diferencian a las especies, éstas se encuentran en el telson, específicamente el largo de la carina intermedia y su carina accesoria, y en la placa del rostro, el ancho de dicha placa, así como el ancho de la base de la placa. El análisis morfológico, junto con las construcciones filogenéticas lograron separar a los individuos denominados “N. costaricensis – N. bahiahondensis”, de las especies con las que comparten mayor número de características. A pesar de lo anterior, las relaciones no quedan del todo claras entre las especies del género, por lo tanto, es necesario realizar una mayor cantidad de estudios, con mayor número de marcadores moleculares para poder responder cuáles son las relaciones existentes entre las especies del género, así como el origen de las especies con características de dos especies distintas.
The stomatopods have a morphology that distinguishes them from the rest of the species of the Malacostraca class, the characteristics that stand out the most are the eyes, the maxlipeds, the raptorial appendages, the telson and the face plate. The relationships between the species of the genus Neogonodactylus (Manning, 1995), N. bahiahondensis, N. costaricensis, N. festae, N. stanschi and N. zacae, in the North Pacific of Costa Rica, were studied through biometric and genetic, specifically the molecular markers COI and 28s. Through these analyzes it was possible to detect individuals with diagnostic characteristics of two different species, N. costaricensis and N. bahiahondensis, these were called "N. costaricensis – N. bahiahondensis”. The analysis of principal components allowed us to determine the characteristics that most differentiate the species, these are found in the telson, specifically the length of the intermediate carina and its accessory carina, and in the rostrum plate, the width of said plate, as well as the width of the base of the plate. The morphological analysis, together with the phylogenetic constructions, managed to separate the individuals called “N. costaricensis – N. bahiahondensis", of the species with which they share the greatest number of characteristics. Despite the above, the relationships are not entirely clear between the species of the genus, therefore, it is necessary to carry out a greater number of studies, with a greater number of molecular markers to be able to answer what are the relationships between the species of the genus. genus, as well as the origin of species with characteristics of two different species.
The stomatopods have a morphology that distinguishes them from the rest of the species of the Malacostraca class, the characteristics that stand out the most are the eyes, the maxlipeds, the raptorial appendages, the telson and the face plate. The relationships between the species of the genus Neogonodactylus (Manning, 1995), N. bahiahondensis, N. costaricensis, N. festae, N. stanschi and N. zacae, in the North Pacific of Costa Rica, were studied through biometric and genetic, specifically the molecular markers COI and 28s. Through these analyzes it was possible to detect individuals with diagnostic characteristics of two different species, N. costaricensis and N. bahiahondensis, these were called "N. costaricensis – N. bahiahondensis”. The analysis of principal components allowed us to determine the characteristics that most differentiate the species, these are found in the telson, specifically the length of the intermediate carina and its accessory carina, and in the rostrum plate, the width of said plate, as well as the width of the base of the plate. The morphological analysis, together with the phylogenetic constructions, managed to separate the individuals called “N. costaricensis – N. bahiahondensis", of the species with which they share the greatest number of characteristics. Despite the above, the relationships are not entirely clear between the species of the genus, therefore, it is necessary to carry out a greater number of studies, with a greater number of molecular markers to be able to answer what are the relationships between the species of the genus. genus, as well as the origin of species with characteristics of two different species.
Descripción
Alvarado Mora, A. (2021). Posicionamiento taxonómico del género Neogonodactylus mediante marcadores moleculares y biometría en Bahía Santa Elena y Bahía Thomas, Pacífico Norte, Costa Rica. [Tesis de Licenciatura]. Universidad Nacional, Heredia, Costa Rica.
Palabras clave
TAXONOMIA ZOOLOGICA, ZOOLOGICAL TAXONOMY, BIOMETRIA, BIOMETRY, MARCADORES BIOQUIMICOS, MORFOLOGIA