Estudio cuantitativo de la situación laboral y percepción de los empleadores sobre la formación profesional de los graduados de la carrera: Bachillerato en Administración. Universidad Nacional, Campus Pérez Zeledón durante el periodo (2009-2013).
Fecha
2015
Autores
Barboza Sáenz, Evelyn
Cisneros Ureña, Meilyn
Morales Quesada, Karen
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Editor
Universidad Nacional, Costa Rica
Resumen
Dicho estudio de egresados tiene como objetivo principal poder analizar la situación laboral actual de los profesionales en la carrera de Administración, graduados de la Universidad Nacional Campus Pérez Zeledón, del periodo que comprende desde el 2009 hasta el 2013 y, de esta manera, poder evaluar el grado de satisfacción, tanto de aquellos como de los empleadores, en relación con la formación recibida en la carrera de su especialidad.
Esta investigación se caracteriza por ser un estudio de tipo cuantitativo, ya que se recolectan datos, y con estos se realiza una medición numérica y un análisis estadístico, para establecer patrones de comportamiento. Además, se obtiene una muestra que representa el 54% de los egresados, a los cuales se ejecutó una encuesta que consta de 45 preguntas. En lo que respecta a los empleadores, se obtiene una muestra de un 75%, se les aplicó un cuestionario estructurado previamente, como medio principal para obtener información, dicho instrumento consta de 38 preguntas.
Una vez analizados los datos, como resultados se obtiene que, en cuanto a la situación laboral de los egresados de Administración de la Universidad Nacional Sede Región Brunca, periodo 2009-2013, un 61% de los encuestados sí tienen trabajo permanente con plaza o contrato, un 26% indicaron no trabajar, un 10% trabaja por temporadas y el restante 3% trabajan con familiares. De las personas que no laboran, un 63% no lo hace debido a que no encuentran empleo y un 37% debido a otras causas. En cuanto al nivel de desempleo real perteneciente a los egresados que se encuentran desempleados porque aún no logran ingresar al mercado laboral, es de un 17% tomado de la totalidad de los encuestados y estando este índice muy por encima del desempleo del país que es de un 9.7% al cierre del 2014.
En general, los egresados laboran en instituciones o empresas las cuales se localizan en la provincia de San José (83%) y de estos la mayoría de ellos (68%) laboran en el cantón de Pérez Zeledón, en donde un leve porcentaje (19%) tuvo que desplazarse de Pérez Zeledón hacia el centro de San José.
Los egresados consideran que la formación teórica y práctica durante su formación es aceptable, ya que la mayoría manifestó estar satisfecha pero no solo el 36% está muy satisfecho, pues estos en su mayoría están satisfechos con la formación teórica (79%); en contraste, otro sector de estos no se encuentra tan satisfechos (36%) en la formación práctica recibida.
The main objective of this study of graduates is to analyze the current employment situation of professionals in the Administration career, graduates of the Universidad Nacional Campus Pérez Zeledón, from 2009 to 2013 and, in this way, to evaluate the degree of satisfaction of both graduates and employers, in relation to the training received in the career of their specialty. This research is characterized as a quantitative study, since data are collected, and with these data a numerical measurement and statistical analysis is performed, in order to establish behavioral patterns. In addition, a sample representing 54% of the graduates was obtained, to whom a survey consisting of 45 questions was executed. With regard to employers, a sample of 75% was obtained, and a structured questionnaire was previously applied to them as the main means of obtaining information; this instrument consists of 38 questions. After analyzing the data, the results show that 61% of those surveyed have a permanent job with a position or contract, 26% indicated that they do not work, 10% work seasonally and the remaining 3% work with family members. Of those who do not work, 63% do not work because they cannot find a job and 37% due to other causes. As for the level of real unemployment among graduates who are unemployed because they have not yet been able to enter the labor market, it is 17% of the total number of those surveyed, which is well above the national unemployment rate of 9.7% at the end of 2014. In general, the graduates work in institutions or companies which are located in the province of San José (83%) and of these, most of them (68%) work in the canton of Pérez Zeledón, where a slight percentage (19%) had to move from Pérez Zeledón to the center of San José. The graduates consider that the theoretical and practical training during their training is acceptable, since most of them are satisfied, but not only 36% are very satisfied, since most of them are satisfied with the theoretical training (79%); in contrast, another sector of them are not so satisfied (36%) with the practical training received.
The main objective of this study of graduates is to analyze the current employment situation of professionals in the Administration career, graduates of the Universidad Nacional Campus Pérez Zeledón, from 2009 to 2013 and, in this way, to evaluate the degree of satisfaction of both graduates and employers, in relation to the training received in the career of their specialty. This research is characterized as a quantitative study, since data are collected, and with these data a numerical measurement and statistical analysis is performed, in order to establish behavioral patterns. In addition, a sample representing 54% of the graduates was obtained, to whom a survey consisting of 45 questions was executed. With regard to employers, a sample of 75% was obtained, and a structured questionnaire was previously applied to them as the main means of obtaining information; this instrument consists of 38 questions. After analyzing the data, the results show that 61% of those surveyed have a permanent job with a position or contract, 26% indicated that they do not work, 10% work seasonally and the remaining 3% work with family members. Of those who do not work, 63% do not work because they cannot find a job and 37% due to other causes. As for the level of real unemployment among graduates who are unemployed because they have not yet been able to enter the labor market, it is 17% of the total number of those surveyed, which is well above the national unemployment rate of 9.7% at the end of 2014. In general, the graduates work in institutions or companies which are located in the province of San José (83%) and of these, most of them (68%) work in the canton of Pérez Zeledón, where a slight percentage (19%) had to move from Pérez Zeledón to the center of San José. The graduates consider that the theoretical and practical training during their training is acceptable, since most of them are satisfied, but not only 36% are very satisfied, since most of them are satisfied with the theoretical training (79%); in contrast, another sector of them are not so satisfied (36%) with the practical training received.
Descripción
Licenciatura en administración con énfasis en gestión financiera
Palabras clave
ADMINISTRACIÓN DE EMPRESAS, GRADUADOS, CONDICIONES DE TRABAJO, MERCADO DE TRABAJO, EMPLEADOS, FORMACIÓN PROFESIONAL, BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION, GRADUATES, WORKING CONDITIONS, LABOR MARKET, EMPLOYEES, PROFESSIONAL TRAINING, PÉREZ ZELEDÓN (SAN JOSÉ)