Impacto de los procesos de compra y comercialización de combustible por parte de RECOPE en el precio al consumidor
Archivos
Fecha
2014-11
Autores
Rodríguez Barquero, José David
Jiménez Murillo, Juan Pablo
Título de la revista
ISSN de la revista
Título del volumen
Editor
Universidad Nacional, Costa Rica
Resumen
RECOPE es la empresa costarricense encargada de administrar el monopolio de los
combustibles y actualmente funge un papel donde debe comprar el combustible en el
mercado internacional y luego transportarlo y distribuirlo en el país para el consumo
nacional. Como cualquier otra actividad, la compra y comercialización de combustibles
tiene costos asociados que se consideran a la hora de calcular el precio final del bien
comercializado.
En el caso de los combustibles en Costa Rica, el precio final está compuesto por
cuatro factores en los que se consideran todos los elementos que influyen de una u otra
manera sobre el precio de los combustibles. Estos factores son: el precio de compra del
producto final, el impuesto único a los combustibles, el flete y margen de ganancia de las
estaciones de servicios y por último el margen operativo de RECOPE, que al ser el actor
principal del monopolio de combustibles en Costa Rica, es necesario estudiar la manera en
que realiza sus operaciones.
El sistema de compras de RECOPE es eficiente, si se considera que hace compras
por debajo de la media del mercado, pero podría ser más eficiente para que impacte en
menor medida el precio final al consumidor. Es necesario ampliar la capacidad de
almacenamiento, para realizar mayores compras y reducir costos asociados como el
transporte, además de mejorar la eficiencia portuaria para reducir costos. Aunque el mayor
impacto en el precio final viene dado por la calidad del combustible, asociado a criterios
ambientales, costos operativos y el impuesto a los combustibles.
RECOPE is the Costa Rican institution responsible for administering the monopoly of fuels and currently serves as a mediator which buys fuel on the international market and then transports and distributes it in the country for domestic consumption. Like any other activity, the purchase and sale of fuel has associated costs that are considered when calculating the final price of goods traded. In the case of fuels in Costa Rica, the final price is made up of four factors that we consider all the elements that influence in one or another way on fuel prices. These factors are: the purchase price of the final product, the fuel tax, freight and profit margin of gas stations and finally the operating margin of RECOPE, that being the main actor of fuel monopoly in Costa Rica, it becomes necessary to study the way it conducts its operations. RECOPE’s procurement system is efficient, if you consider purchasing fuels below the market average, but could be more efficient in order to impact in a lesser extent the final consumer price. It is necessary to expand the storage capacity for major purchases and reduce associated costs such as transport, besides improving port efficiency to reduce costs. Although the greatest impact on the final price is determined by the quality of fuel associated with environmental, operating costs and the fuel tax.
RECOPE is the Costa Rican institution responsible for administering the monopoly of fuels and currently serves as a mediator which buys fuel on the international market and then transports and distributes it in the country for domestic consumption. Like any other activity, the purchase and sale of fuel has associated costs that are considered when calculating the final price of goods traded. In the case of fuels in Costa Rica, the final price is made up of four factors that we consider all the elements that influence in one or another way on fuel prices. These factors are: the purchase price of the final product, the fuel tax, freight and profit margin of gas stations and finally the operating margin of RECOPE, that being the main actor of fuel monopoly in Costa Rica, it becomes necessary to study the way it conducts its operations. RECOPE’s procurement system is efficient, if you consider purchasing fuels below the market average, but could be more efficient in order to impact in a lesser extent the final consumer price. It is necessary to expand the storage capacity for major purchases and reduce associated costs such as transport, besides improving port efficiency to reduce costs. Although the greatest impact on the final price is determined by the quality of fuel associated with environmental, operating costs and the fuel tax.
Descripción
Palabras clave
REFINADORA COSTARRICENCE DE PETRÓLEO, COMPRA, COMERCIALIZACIÓN, COMBUSTIBLE, PRECIOS, BUYS, COMMERCIALIZATION, FUEL, PRICES