Sistema Nacional de Monitoreo de Tsunamis
Fecha
2015
Autores
Chacon-Barrantes, Silvia
Título de la revista
ISSN de la revista
Título del volumen
Editor
Revista Universidad en Diálogo vol.5 no.2 101-111 2015
Resumen
En cualquier cuerpo de agua, y más específicamente en cualquier océano, se pude generar un tsunami. Por esto, nuestro país, al tener dos costas, se encuentra expuesto a ellos. Los tsunamis no se pueden evitar ni pronosticar con más de varias horas de anticipación a su arribo, lo que hace a los centros de alerta de tsunamis indispensables en la mitigación de las consecuencias que pueden tener en las poblaciones costeras. En nuestro país, el único ente autorizado a emitir alertas es la Comisión Nacional de Prevención de Riesgos y Atención de Emergencias (CNE). Para otros riesgos naturales como sismos y fenómenos meteorológicos, la CNE se apoya en entes técnico-científicos que emiten su criterio acompañado de recomendaciones. Desde el 2007 la CNE ha consultado a varios oceanógrafos cuando los centros internacionales de alerta de tsunamis emitían información de un posible evento. Sin embargo, hasta el 2014 no existía un ente técnico-científico que trabajara el tema tsunami específicamente. Y en abril de este año se fundó el Sistema Nacional de Monitoreo de Tsunamis (SINAMOT) para llenar este vacío. El SINAMOT analiza la información relacionada con sismos costeros y emite reportes para la CNE, con indicaciones del nivel de peligrosidad y recomendaciones en cada caso. Adicionalmente, el SINAMOT realiza asesorías y brinda capacitaciones en el tema tsunamis, tanto a la CNE como a otras entidades, cuando se le solicita. El SINAMOT está compuesto por dos oceanógrafos físicos del Programa RONMAC de la UNA y dos ingenieros marítimos de la Unidad de Ingeniería Marítima de Ríos y Estuarios (iMARES) del Instituto de Investigaciones en Ingeniería (INII) de la Universidad de Costa Rica (UCR). Los cuatro integrantes del SINAMOT están disponibles 24/7 para atender avisos de tsunami. El SINAMOT cuenta con una sala de monitoreo en el Programa RONMAC-UNA, en el Departamento de Física, y los programas de cómputo que utilizan se encuentran instalados también en un servidor del INII, en el que pronto se terminará una segunda sala de monitoreo para asegurar redundancia y acceso rápido a todos sus integrantes.
In any body of water, and more specifically in any ocean, a tsunami can be generated. For this reason, our country, having two coasts, is exposed to them. Tsunamis cannot be prevented or forecast more than several hours before their arrival, making tsunami warning centers essential in mitigating the consequences they can have on coastal populations. In our country, the only entity authorized to issue alerts is the National Commission for Risk Prevention and Emergency Attention (CNE). For other natural risks such as earthquakes and meteorological phenomena, the CNE relies on technical-scientific entities that issue their criteria accompanied by recommendations. Since 2007, the CNE has consulted various oceanographers when international tsunami warning centers issued information on a possible event. However, until 2014 there was no technical-scientific entity that specifically worked on the tsunami issue. And in April of this year, the National Tsunami Monitoring System (SINAMOT) was founded to fill this gap. SINAMOT analyzes the information related to coastal earthquakes and issues reports to the CNE, with indications of the level of danger and recommendations in each case. Additionally, SINAMOT advises and provides training on the tsunami issue, both to the CNE and to other entities, when requested. SINAMOT is made up of two physical oceanographers from UNA's RONMAC Program and two maritime engineers from the Maritime Engineering Unit for Rivers and Estuaries (iMARES) of the Institute of Engineering Research (INII) of the University of Costa Rica (UCR). The four members of SINAMOT are available 24/7 to attend tsunami warnings. SINAMOT has a monitoring room in the RONMAC-UNA Program, in the Physics Department, and the computer programs they use are also installed on an INII server, where a second monitoring room will soon be completed to ensure redundancy and quick access to all its members.
In any body of water, and more specifically in any ocean, a tsunami can be generated. For this reason, our country, having two coasts, is exposed to them. Tsunamis cannot be prevented or forecast more than several hours before their arrival, making tsunami warning centers essential in mitigating the consequences they can have on coastal populations. In our country, the only entity authorized to issue alerts is the National Commission for Risk Prevention and Emergency Attention (CNE). For other natural risks such as earthquakes and meteorological phenomena, the CNE relies on technical-scientific entities that issue their criteria accompanied by recommendations. Since 2007, the CNE has consulted various oceanographers when international tsunami warning centers issued information on a possible event. However, until 2014 there was no technical-scientific entity that specifically worked on the tsunami issue. And in April of this year, the National Tsunami Monitoring System (SINAMOT) was founded to fill this gap. SINAMOT analyzes the information related to coastal earthquakes and issues reports to the CNE, with indications of the level of danger and recommendations in each case. Additionally, SINAMOT advises and provides training on the tsunami issue, both to the CNE and to other entities, when requested. SINAMOT is made up of two physical oceanographers from UNA's RONMAC Program and two maritime engineers from the Maritime Engineering Unit for Rivers and Estuaries (iMARES) of the Institute of Engineering Research (INII) of the University of Costa Rica (UCR). The four members of SINAMOT are available 24/7 to attend tsunami warnings. SINAMOT has a monitoring room in the RONMAC-UNA Program, in the Physics Department, and the computer programs they use are also installed on an INII server, where a second monitoring room will soon be completed to ensure redundancy and quick access to all its members.
Descripción
Palabras clave
TSUNAMI, CATÁSTROFES NATURALES, PREVENCIÓN DE DESASTRES, RISK MANAGEMENT, SISTEMA NACIONAL DE MONITOREO DE TSUNAMIS (COSTA RICA), DISASTER PREVENTION