Dimensionamiento de un humedal artificial como alternativa de tratamiento y reuso de aguas domésticas grises en la Finca Experirental Santa Lucía de la Universidad Nacional en Heredia
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2007
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Pérez-Salazar, Roy
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Los vecinos de la urbanización Don Álvaro ubicada en Santa Lucía de Barva de Heredia, llegaron a un acuerdo para disponer sus aguas domésticas grises en los terrenos de la Finca Experimental Santa Lucía de la Universidad Nacional, originándose una quebrada que vierte sus contenidos en el Río Segundo. Dicha Finca está dedicada a actividades de producción de frutas, café y pastos de corte, así como también parte de ella se dedica a la ganadería. Lejos de ver esta disposición como un problema ambiental, la Universidad Nacional ha encauzado sus esfuerzos para aprovechar esas aguas contaminantes y después de tratarlas con tecnologías blandas, almacenarlas para emplearlas en riego en la temporada de época seca. El desarrollo de humedales artificiales como sistemas de depuración de aguas grises permitirá mermar el impacto ambiental de las mismas en el Río Segundo. El proyecto de tesis impulsará una experiencia piloto, que además de brindar depuración de aguas y reutilización de las mismas, brindará proyectos de investigación y desarrollo los cuales fomentaran e impulsarán la construcción de humedales, para que sirva de ejemplo para condominios, hoteles, vecindarios y demás instituciones interesadas por los aspectos de mejora de ecosistemas. ¿El tratamiento a emplear un pretratamiento, tratamiento primario y el uso de dos humedales artificiales de flujo subsuperficial horizontal, de aproximadamente 236 n?, cada uno, los cuales disminuirán la carga de DBOs aproximadamente en un 80%. El uso de esta tecnología se fomenta en países en vías de desarrollo debido a su fácil operación, bajo costo y el hecho de no necesitar energía adicional para su buen funcionamiento, entre otros beneficios.
The residents of the Don Álvaro urbanization located in Santa Lucía de Barva de Heredia, reached an agreement to dispose of their domestic gray water on the grounds of the Santa Lucía Experimental Farm of the National University, creating a stream that discharges its contents into the River Second. Said farm is dedicated to activities of production of fruits, coffee and cut pastures, as well as part of it is dedicated to livestock. Far from seeing this provision as an environmental problem, the National University has channeled its efforts to take advantage of these polluting waters and after treating them with soft technologies, store them to use them for irrigation in the dry season. The development of artificial wetlands as gray water purification systems will reduce the environmental impact of the same in the Segundo River. The thesis project will promote a pilot experience, which in addition to providing water purification and reuse of the same, will provide research and development projects which will encourage and promote the construction of wetlands, to serve as an example for condominiums, hotels, neighborhoods and other institutions interested in aspects of improving ecosystems. The treatment to employ a pretreatment, primary treatment and the use of two artificial wetlands of horizontal subsurface flow, of approximately 236 n?, each, which will reduce the BOD load by approximately 80%. The use of this technology is encouraged in developing countries due to its easy operation, low cost and the fact that it does not require additional energy for its proper functioning, among other benefits.
The residents of the Don Álvaro urbanization located in Santa Lucía de Barva de Heredia, reached an agreement to dispose of their domestic gray water on the grounds of the Santa Lucía Experimental Farm of the National University, creating a stream that discharges its contents into the River Second. Said farm is dedicated to activities of production of fruits, coffee and cut pastures, as well as part of it is dedicated to livestock. Far from seeing this provision as an environmental problem, the National University has channeled its efforts to take advantage of these polluting waters and after treating them with soft technologies, store them to use them for irrigation in the dry season. The development of artificial wetlands as gray water purification systems will reduce the environmental impact of the same in the Segundo River. The thesis project will promote a pilot experience, which in addition to providing water purification and reuse of the same, will provide research and development projects which will encourage and promote the construction of wetlands, to serve as an example for condominiums, hotels, neighborhoods and other institutions interested in aspects of improving ecosystems. The treatment to employ a pretreatment, primary treatment and the use of two artificial wetlands of horizontal subsurface flow, of approximately 236 n?, each, which will reduce the BOD load by approximately 80%. The use of this technology is encouraged in developing countries due to its easy operation, low cost and the fact that it does not require additional energy for its proper functioning, among other benefits.
Descripción
Pérez Salazar, R. (2007). Dimensionamiento de un humedal artificial como alternativa de tratamiento y reuso de aguas domésticas grises en la Finca Experirental Santa Lucía de la Universidad Nacional en Heredia. [Tesis de Licenciatura]. Universidad Nacional, Costa Rica.
Palabras clave
HUMEDALES, EFLUENTES, AGUA SUPERFICIAL, IMPACTO AMBIENTAL, TRATAMIENTO DE RESIDUOS, FINCA EXPERIMENTAL SANTA LUCIA (HEREDIA, C.R.), WETLANDS, EFFLUENTS