Seroprevalencia de Besnoitia besnoiti, Coxiella burnetii y Chlamydia abortus en hatos bovinos lecheros de la zona norte de Costa Rica
Fecha
2025
Autores
Fallas Elizondo, Daisy Elena
Jiménez Rocha, Ana Eugenia
Romero Zúñiga, Juan José
Dolz, Gaby
Título de la revista
ISSN de la revista
Título del volumen
Editor
Universidad Nacional, Costa Rica
Resumen
Besnoitia besnoiti y los agentes zoonóticos Coxiella burnetii y Chlamydia abortus ocasionan enfermedad reproductiva en bovinos. En Costa Rica no se cuenta con reportes de prevalencia de B. besnoiti y C. burnetii. El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar la seroprevalencia y distribución de estos tres agentes en fincas de lechería especializada y de doble propósito de la zona Huetar Norte de Costa Rica. Se realizó un estudio transversal descriptivo. Fueron estudiados 600 animales de 40 fincas (15 por finca), ubicadas en los distritos de Aguas Zarcas (5), Ciudad Quesada (9), Fortuna (4), Monterrey (2), Muelle (3), Venecia (5) y Zarcero (12). El análisis serológico se realizó mediante los ensayos inmunoenzimáticos comerciales de la compañía ID.VET (Montpellier, Francia). La seroprevalencia determinada para B. besnoiti fue alta (27,3%). Animales seropositivos se encontraron en un 80% de las fincas y en todos los distritos analizados, menos en la Fortuna, con las mayores prevalencias en Aguas Zarcas (64%), Venecia (36,6 %) y Zarcero (33,3 %). La seroprevalencia de C. burnetii fue 16,8 %, los animales positivos se encontraron en un 70 % de las fincas y distribuidos en todos los distritos, en especial Zarcero (24,6 %), Ciudad Quesada (19,2 %) y Aguas Zarcas (17,7 %). Con respecto a C. abortus, se determinó una seroprevalencia de 1,3 %, los animales seropositivos se encontraron solamente en un 17,5 % de fincas en tres distritos: Aguas Zarcas (3,3 %), Monterrey (3,3 %) y Ciudad Quesada (2,9 %). Se recomienda alertar a los grupos productores veterinarios y autoridades, para que tomen las medidas de prevención y control necesarias, en particular para C. burnetii y C. abortus, por su potencial zoonótico y realizar investigaciones para confirmar la presencia de estos agentes mediante aislamiento o diagnóstico molecular.
Besnoitia besnoiti and the zoonotic agents Coxiella burnetii and Chlamydia abortus cause reproductive diseases in cattle. There are no reports on the prevalence of B. besnoiti and C. burnetii in Costa Rica. This study aimed to determine the seroprevalence and distribution of these three agents in specialized dual-purpose dairy farms in Costa Rica’s Northern Huetar area. A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted involving 600 animals from 40 farms (15 per farm) located in the following districts: Aguas Zarcas (5), Ciudad Quesada (9), Fortuna (4), Monterrey (2), Muelle (3), Venecia (5), and Zarcero (12). The serological analysis was performed using commercial enzyme immunoassays from IDvet (Montpellier, France). The seroprevalence for B. besnoiti was high (27.3%), with seropositive individuals found in 80% of farms and in all the districts analyzed, except in La Fortuna, with the highest prevalences in Aguas Zarcas (64%), Venecia (36.6%), and Zarcero (33.3%). The seroprevalence for C. burnetii was 16.8%, with seropositive individuals found in 70% of farms distributed across all districts, especially in Zarcero (24.6%), Ciudad Quesada (19.2%), and Aguas Zarcas (17.7%). The seroprevalence for C. abortus was 1.3%, with seropositive individuals found in only 17.5% of farms in three districts: Aguas Zarcas (3.3%), Monterrey (3.3%), and Ciudad Quesada (2.9%). Veterinary producers and the relevant authorities must be alerted to take the necessary precautions and control measures, particularly against C. burnetii and C. abortus due to their zoonotic potential. Further investigation is recommended to confirm the presence of these agents through isolation or molecular diagnosis.
Besnoitia besnoiti and the zoonotic agents Coxiella burnetii and Chlamydia abortus cause reproductive diseases in cattle. There are no reports on the prevalence of B. besnoiti and C. burnetii in Costa Rica. This study aimed to determine the seroprevalence and distribution of these three agents in specialized dual-purpose dairy farms in Costa Rica’s Northern Huetar area. A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted involving 600 animals from 40 farms (15 per farm) located in the following districts: Aguas Zarcas (5), Ciudad Quesada (9), Fortuna (4), Monterrey (2), Muelle (3), Venecia (5), and Zarcero (12). The serological analysis was performed using commercial enzyme immunoassays from IDvet (Montpellier, France). The seroprevalence for B. besnoiti was high (27.3%), with seropositive individuals found in 80% of farms and in all the districts analyzed, except in La Fortuna, with the highest prevalences in Aguas Zarcas (64%), Venecia (36.6%), and Zarcero (33.3%). The seroprevalence for C. burnetii was 16.8%, with seropositive individuals found in 70% of farms distributed across all districts, especially in Zarcero (24.6%), Ciudad Quesada (19.2%), and Aguas Zarcas (17.7%). The seroprevalence for C. abortus was 1.3%, with seropositive individuals found in only 17.5% of farms in three districts: Aguas Zarcas (3.3%), Monterrey (3.3%), and Ciudad Quesada (2.9%). Veterinary producers and the relevant authorities must be alerted to take the necessary precautions and control measures, particularly against C. burnetii and C. abortus due to their zoonotic potential. Further investigation is recommended to confirm the presence of these agents through isolation or molecular diagnosis.
Descripción
Palabras clave
COSTA RICA, GANADO BOVINO, REACCION DE CADENA DE LA POLIMERASA, POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION, CATTLE, ZOONOSIS, ZOONOSES
