La carga laboral con relación al bienestar laboral en una entidad financiera en Costa Rica 2024-2025
Fecha
2025-11-27
Autores
Calderón Garro, Jafet
Díaz Gutiérrez, Alexa
Vargas Barrantes, Nicole
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Editor
Universidad Nacional, Costa Rica
Resumen
La presente investigación examina la interacción entre la carga y el bienestar laborales en una entidad financiera mediana en Costa Rica durante el período 2024-2025. Este estudio surge en un contexto donde el sector financiero costarricense enfrenta una creciente presión por cumplir metas ambiciosas, lo que ha incrementado las demandas sobre los colaboradores y plantea interrogantes sobre cómo estas afectan su calidad de vida laboral. El propósito de la investigación es analizar los efectos de la carga laboral en el bienestar de los empleados del departamento de una entidad financiera, que ha experimentado un aumento en la cartera de clientes en el último año, y proponer estrategias prácticas para mitigar los impactos negativos identificados. La carga laboral se ha convertido en un tema central en la gestión de recursos humanos, especialmente en industrias como la financiera, donde la precisión, la rapidez y la atención al cliente son esenciales. En Costa Rica, las entidades financieras operan en un entorno competitivo que exige alta productividad, lo que a menudo se traduce en mayores exigencias para los colaboradores. El presente trabajo busca no solo comprender cómo estas exigencias impactan el bienestar laboral, sino también ofrecer una solución viable que equilibre las necesidades organizacionales con el bienestar de los empleados del departamento estudiado. El objetivo final es contribuir al conocimiento académico y práctico en la administración de recursos humanos en el contexto costarricense. El estudio empleó un enfoque mixto que combinó técnicas cuantitativas y cualitativas para obtener una visión holística del problema. Se aplicaron instrumentos validados como la Matriz de Factores de Riesgos Psicosociales Laborales, que evalúa aspectos como exigencias psicológicas y doble presencia, y el Método NASA TLX, que mide la carga mental percibida. Además, se realizaron encuestas estructuradas a los 14 colaboradores y entrevistas semiestructuradas a una muestra representativa del equipo, lo que permitió capturar percepciones individuales y colectivas. Este diseño metodológico riguroso asegura la validez y confiabilidad de los resultados, proporcionando una base sólida para las conclusiones y propuestas. Los resultados muestran un panorama mixto en el departamento. Por un lado, el 71.43% de los colaboradores reporta una alta satisfacción general con su trabajo, respaldada por un clima laboral positivo y un liderazgo efectivo percibido por el 85.71% del equipo. Sin embargo, la carga laboral emerge como un desafío significativo: el 57.14% de los empleados experimenta exigencias psicológicas constantes debido a plazos ajustados y alta responsabilidad, mientras que el 42.86% registra una carga mental elevada en la escala NASA TLX, asociada al volumen de tareas y la necesidad de mantener concentración sostenida. Asimismo, el 57.14% enfrenta un riesgo alto por XII doble presencia, reflejo de la dificultad para conciliar las demandas laborales con las responsabilidades personales. Estos hallazgos señalan que, aunque existen fortalezas organizacionales, la carga laboral compromete el bienestar a largo plazo y podría afectar la sostenibilidad del desempeño del equipo. Con base en los hallazgos, se propone el "Modelo Ágora de Bienestar Laboral", una estrategia integral diseñada para reducir la carga laboral y promover un entorno de trabajo más saludable. Este modelo se estructura en tres pilares fundamentales como lo son el plan de distribución equilibrada de tareas que busca implementar un sistema rotativo y equitativo para asignar actividades, basado en un análisis de la carga de trabajo por empleado, con el objetivo de disminuir el volumen excesivo y las exigencias psicológicas. El programa de apoyo psicosocial que incluye sesiones grupales semanales facilitadas por un especialista en bienestar laboral y la creación de un "espacio Ágora", un foro informal para que los colaboradores compartan inquietudes y abordando especialmente la doble presencia. Por último, un sistema de monitoreo participativo el cual establece un mecanismo de retroalimentación trimestral mediante encuestas breves y reuniones con el equipo, permitiendo ajustes dinámicos al modelo según las necesidades cambiantes. La implementación del modelo se plantea en un cronograma inicial de 12 semanas, con una inversión mínima que aprovecha recursos existentes como el personal de recursos humanos y las instalaciones de la entidad. Este enfoque asegura su viabilidad en el contexto de una organización mediana en Costa Rica.
This research examines the interaction between workload and well-being at a medium-sized financial institution in Costa Rica during the period 2024-2025. This study arises in a context where the Costa Rican financial sector faces increasing pressure to meet ambitious goals, which has raised demands on employees and prompted questions about how these demands affect their quality of work life. The purpose of the research is to analyze the effects of workload on the well-being of employees in the department of a financial institution that has experienced an increase in its client portfolio in the last year, and to propose practical strategies to mitigate the identified negative impacts. Workload has become a central issue in human resource management, especially in industries like finance, where accuracy, speed, and customer service are essential. In Costa Rica, financial institutions operate in a competitive environment that demands high productivity, which often translates into greater demands on employees. This study seeks not only to understand how these demands impact employee well-being but also to offer a viable solution that balances organizational needs with the well-being of employees in the department studied. The ultimate goal is to contribute to academic and practical knowledge in human resource management within the Costa Rican context. The study employed a mixed-methods approach, combining quantitative and qualitative techniques to obtain a holistic view of the problem. Validated instruments were applied, such as the Matrix of Psychosocial Risk Factors in the Workplace, which assesses aspects like psychological demands and work-life balance, and the NASA TLX Method, which measures perceived mental workload. In addition, structured surveys were conducted with all 14 employees, and semi-structured interviews were carried out with a representative sample of the team, allowing for the capture of individual and collective perceptions. This rigorous methodological design ensures the validity and reliability of the results, providing a solid foundation for the conclusions and proposals. The results reveal a mixed picture within the department. On the one hand, 71.43% of employees report high overall job satisfaction, supported by a positive work environment and effective leadership perceived by 85.71% of the team. However, workload emerges as a significant challenge: 57.14% of employees experience constant psychological demands due to tight deadlines and high responsibility, while 42.86% register a high mental workload on the NASA TLX scale, associated with the volume of tasks and the need for sustained concentration. Furthermore, 57.14% face a high risk of work-life balance, reflecting the difficulty in reconciling work demands with personal responsibilities. These findings indicate that, despite organizational strengths, workload compromises long-term well-being and could affect the sustainability of team performance. Based on these findings, the "Agora Workplace Wellbeing Model" is proposed—a comprehensive strategy designed to reduce workload and promote a healthier work environment. This model is structured around three fundamental pillars: a balanced task distribution plan that seeks to implement a rotating and equitable system for assigning tasks, based on an analysis of each employee's workload, with the goal of reducing excessive volume and psychological demands. The model's implementation is planned within an initial timeframe of 12 weeks, requiring minimal investment and leveraging existing resources such as human resources personnel and the organization's facilities. This approach ensures its viability within the context of a medium-sized organization in Costa Rica.
This research examines the interaction between workload and well-being at a medium-sized financial institution in Costa Rica during the period 2024-2025. This study arises in a context where the Costa Rican financial sector faces increasing pressure to meet ambitious goals, which has raised demands on employees and prompted questions about how these demands affect their quality of work life. The purpose of the research is to analyze the effects of workload on the well-being of employees in the department of a financial institution that has experienced an increase in its client portfolio in the last year, and to propose practical strategies to mitigate the identified negative impacts. Workload has become a central issue in human resource management, especially in industries like finance, where accuracy, speed, and customer service are essential. In Costa Rica, financial institutions operate in a competitive environment that demands high productivity, which often translates into greater demands on employees. This study seeks not only to understand how these demands impact employee well-being but also to offer a viable solution that balances organizational needs with the well-being of employees in the department studied. The ultimate goal is to contribute to academic and practical knowledge in human resource management within the Costa Rican context. The study employed a mixed-methods approach, combining quantitative and qualitative techniques to obtain a holistic view of the problem. Validated instruments were applied, such as the Matrix of Psychosocial Risk Factors in the Workplace, which assesses aspects like psychological demands and work-life balance, and the NASA TLX Method, which measures perceived mental workload. In addition, structured surveys were conducted with all 14 employees, and semi-structured interviews were carried out with a representative sample of the team, allowing for the capture of individual and collective perceptions. This rigorous methodological design ensures the validity and reliability of the results, providing a solid foundation for the conclusions and proposals. The results reveal a mixed picture within the department. On the one hand, 71.43% of employees report high overall job satisfaction, supported by a positive work environment and effective leadership perceived by 85.71% of the team. However, workload emerges as a significant challenge: 57.14% of employees experience constant psychological demands due to tight deadlines and high responsibility, while 42.86% register a high mental workload on the NASA TLX scale, associated with the volume of tasks and the need for sustained concentration. Furthermore, 57.14% face a high risk of work-life balance, reflecting the difficulty in reconciling work demands with personal responsibilities. These findings indicate that, despite organizational strengths, workload compromises long-term well-being and could affect the sustainability of team performance. Based on these findings, the "Agora Workplace Wellbeing Model" is proposed—a comprehensive strategy designed to reduce workload and promote a healthier work environment. This model is structured around three fundamental pillars: a balanced task distribution plan that seeks to implement a rotating and equitable system for assigning tasks, based on an analysis of each employee's workload, with the goal of reducing excessive volume and psychological demands. The model's implementation is planned within an initial timeframe of 12 weeks, requiring minimal investment and leveraging existing resources such as human resources personnel and the organization's facilities. This approach ensures its viability within the context of a medium-sized organization in Costa Rica.
Descripción
Licenciatura en Administración con énfasis en Recursos Humanos
Palabras clave
RECURSOS HUMANOS, HUMAN RESOURCES, PLANIFICACIÓN ESTRATÉGICA, STRATEGIC PLANNING, SEGURIDAD LABORAL, WORKPLACE SAFETY, RIESGOS PARA LA SALUD, HEALTH RISKS
