Obstáculos en la enseñanza de la metodología para la formación de investigadores en ciencias sociales
Fecha
2016-07-01
Autores
Salas Ocampo, Luis
Soto Acosta, Willy
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ISSN de la revista
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Editor
Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
Resumen
El trabajo que se presenta a continuación busca visualizar las implicaciones que tiene la didáctica en la formación en investigación en Ciencias Sociales. Se establecen algunos de los problemas estructurales que tienen los estudiantes a la hora de enfrentarse a la posibilidad de desarrollar una tesis, ello como producto de las insuficiencias previas de formación. También se pretende determinar algunas posibilidades operativas para el mejoramiento de las competencias prácticas de investigación en Ciencia Social, mediante el uso de la imaginación sociológica y la tecnología como aliado. Para ello se ha trabajado metodológicamente con información primaria y secundaria proveniente de elaboraciones preliminares de ambos autores en el campo, tanto desde el punto de vista teórico como empírico, particularmente experiencias previas de desarrollo de cursos de metodología de investigación, informática y técnicas de investigación, y seminarios de tesis de la carrera de Relaciones Internacionales de la Universidad Nacional (Costa Rica). Adicionalmente se presentan algunos datos de una encuesta producida para la determinación de la incidencia del uso de software en los procesos de investigación de la Facultad de Ciencias Sociales de esa casa de estudios superiores y datos provenientes del Sistema de Registro Estudiantil de la Universidad Nacional. Entre los principales hallazgos obtenidos se tiene que existe una visión burocrática de la investigación que incide negativamente en los procesos de enseñanza de los cursos de metodología, fenómenos que son reproducidos y legitimados por las otras materias de formación o cursos del plan de estudios o curriculum. Se encontró además la presencia de distorsiones institucionales que desmotivan la generación de procesos de investigación sostenidos con estudiantes y académicos que permitan el desarrollo de destrezas. Se propone con base en la evidencia, un modelo de gestión de la investigación de corte participativo que promueva relaciones de poder diferenciales entre docentes y estudiantes, que tenga como sustento de fondo la idea de taller de investigación como experiencia vital académica para el desarrollo de la pasión intelectual, versus el modelo de la investigación como medio para alcanzar solamente un producto de graduación.
The following paper seeks to highlight the implications of teaching methods on research training in the social sciences. It identifies some of the structural problems that students face when considering the possibility of writing a thesis, as a result of previous shortcomings in their training. It also aims to determine some operational possibilities for improving practical research skills in social sciences, through the use of sociological imagination and technology as allies. To this end, we have worked methodologically with primary and secondary information from preliminary studies by both authors in the field, from both a theoretical and empirical point of view, particularly previous experiences in the development of courses on research methodology, computer science, and research techniques, as well as thesis seminars in the International Relations program at the National University (Costa Rica). In addition, data from a survey conducted to determine the incidence of software use in research processes at the Faculty of Social Sciences of that institution of higher education and data from the Student Registration System of the National University are presented. Among the main findings is that there is a bureaucratic view of research that negatively affects the teaching processes of methodology courses, phenomena that are reproduced and legitimized by other training subjects or courses in the study plan or curriculum. Institutional distortions were also found that discourage the generation of sustained research processes with students and academics that allow for the development of skills. Based on the evidence, a participatory research management model is proposed that promotes differential power relations between teachers and students, underpinned by the idea of the research workshop as a vital academic experience for the development of intellectual passion, as opposed to the model of research as a means to achieve only a graduation product.
The following paper seeks to highlight the implications of teaching methods on research training in the social sciences. It identifies some of the structural problems that students face when considering the possibility of writing a thesis, as a result of previous shortcomings in their training. It also aims to determine some operational possibilities for improving practical research skills in social sciences, through the use of sociological imagination and technology as allies. To this end, we have worked methodologically with primary and secondary information from preliminary studies by both authors in the field, from both a theoretical and empirical point of view, particularly previous experiences in the development of courses on research methodology, computer science, and research techniques, as well as thesis seminars in the International Relations program at the National University (Costa Rica). In addition, data from a survey conducted to determine the incidence of software use in research processes at the Faculty of Social Sciences of that institution of higher education and data from the Student Registration System of the National University are presented. Among the main findings is that there is a bureaucratic view of research that negatively affects the teaching processes of methodology courses, phenomena that are reproduced and legitimized by other training subjects or courses in the study plan or curriculum. Institutional distortions were also found that discourage the generation of sustained research processes with students and academics that allow for the development of skills. Based on the evidence, a participatory research management model is proposed that promotes differential power relations between teachers and students, underpinned by the idea of the research workshop as a vital academic experience for the development of intellectual passion, as opposed to the model of research as a means to achieve only a graduation product.
Descripción
¿Cómo investigamos? ¿Cómo enseñamos a investigar? Tomo IV. In memoriam Hugo Zemelman Merino / coordinado por Carlos Gallegos Elías, Antonio Mejía Martínez y Yolanda Paredes Vilchiz. — Ciudad de México: Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Facultad de Ciencias Políticas y Sociales, 2016.
Palabras clave
CIENCIAS SOCIALES, METODOLOGÍA DE INVESTIGACIÓN, PROFESIONALES DE LA INVESTIGACIÓN, METODOLOGY, RESEARCH PROFESSIONALS, SOCIAL SCIENCES
