Análisis del procedimiento de adopción de medidas cautelares en las que se debe prestar caución y sus consecuencias en el acceso a la justicia y vulnerabilidad del derecho a la tutela judicial efectiva, en el Juzgado de Letras Civil de Francisco Morazán, del año 2017 al 2021
Fecha
2022-09-02
Autores
Meza Izaguirre, María del Sol
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Universidad Nacional, Costa Rica
Resumen
En el presente trabajo investigativo, titulado Análisis del procedimiento de adopción de medidas cautelares en las que se debe prestar caución y sus consecuencias en el acceso a la justicia y vulnerabilidad del derecho a la tutela judicial efectiva, en el Juzgado de Letras Civil de Francisco Morazán, del año 2017 al 2021, se pretende comprobar el cumplimiento de los presupuestos periculum in mora y el fumus boni iuris, que establece el Código Procesal Civil. Este aborda la exigencia de prestar caución suficiente para la adopción de estas, no como presupuesto sino más bien de la ejecución; así, si las personas usuarias del sistema no cumplen con la prestación de esta, difícilmente se podrá adoptar una o más medidas cautelares. Esta situación puede provocar la vulneración de los derechos que garantiza la Constitución de la República, relacionados con la multifacética naturaleza del libre acceso a la justicia y a la tutela judicial efectiva. Dado que la función jurisdiccional comprende tanto juzgar como ejecutar lo juzgado y que no todas las personas tienen poder de disponer para ofrecer caución, en cualquiera de las formas dispuestas por la norma procesal, para demandar judicialmente en busca de la resolución de sus conflictos, se pretende comprobar si en este tipo de procedimientos se vulnera o no el derecho fundamental de la tutela cautelar. A nivel metodológico, la investigación se enfoca en un análisis descriptivo-explicativo y utiliza el enfoque cualitativo, con técnicas como la entrevista semiestructurada, el cuestionario y análisis de contenido. Asimismo, el impacto sociojurídico de esta investigación radica en la prestación del ofrecimiento de caución que debe cumplirse para obtener la adopción de medidas cautelares en el proceso civil. De igual forma evidenciar si en efecto las medidas cautelares aseguran el resultado del juicio y que por eso surge la necesidad de su aprobación.
In the present investigative work, entitled Analysis of the procedure for the adoption of precautionary measures in which security must be provided and its consequences in access to justice and vulnerability of the right to effective judicial protection, in the Civil Court of First Instance of Francisco Morazán , from 2017 to 2021, it is intended to verify compliance with the periculum in mora budgets and the fumus boni iuris, established by the Code of Civil Procedure. This addresses the requirement to provide sufficient security for the adoption of these, not as a budget but rather as an execution; Thus, if the users of the system do not comply with the provision of this, it will be difficult to adopt one or more precautionary measures. This situation can cause the violation of the rights guaranteed by the Constitution of the Republic, related to the multifaceted nature of free access to justice and effective judicial protection. Given that the jurisdictional function includes both judging and executing what has been judged and that not all persons have the power to offer security, in any of the forms provided by the procedural norm, to sue judicially in search of the resolution of their conflicts, It aims to verify whether or not the fundamental right of precautionary protection is violated in this type of procedure. At the methodological level, the research focuses on a descriptive-explanatory analysis and uses a qualitative approach, with techniques such as semi-structured interviews, questionnaires and content analysis. Likewise, the socio-legal impact of this investigation lies in the provision of the security offer that must be fulfilled to obtain the adoption of precautionary measures in the civil process. In the same way, show whether the precautionary measures in effect ensure the outcome of the trial and that is why the need for its approval arises.
In the present investigative work, entitled Analysis of the procedure for the adoption of precautionary measures in which security must be provided and its consequences in access to justice and vulnerability of the right to effective judicial protection, in the Civil Court of First Instance of Francisco Morazán , from 2017 to 2021, it is intended to verify compliance with the periculum in mora budgets and the fumus boni iuris, established by the Code of Civil Procedure. This addresses the requirement to provide sufficient security for the adoption of these, not as a budget but rather as an execution; Thus, if the users of the system do not comply with the provision of this, it will be difficult to adopt one or more precautionary measures. This situation can cause the violation of the rights guaranteed by the Constitution of the Republic, related to the multifaceted nature of free access to justice and effective judicial protection. Given that the jurisdictional function includes both judging and executing what has been judged and that not all persons have the power to offer security, in any of the forms provided by the procedural norm, to sue judicially in search of the resolution of their conflicts, It aims to verify whether or not the fundamental right of precautionary protection is violated in this type of procedure. At the methodological level, the research focuses on a descriptive-explanatory analysis and uses a qualitative approach, with techniques such as semi-structured interviews, questionnaires and content analysis. Likewise, the socio-legal impact of this investigation lies in the provision of the security offer that must be fulfilled to obtain the adoption of precautionary measures in the civil process. In the same way, show whether the precautionary measures in effect ensure the outcome of the trial and that is why the need for its approval arises.
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Palabras clave
HONDURAS, PROCEDIMIENTO CIVIL, CIVIL PROCEDURE, DERECHO CIVIL, CIVIL LAW, DERECHO PROCESAL, PROCEDURAL LAW, LEGISLACIÓN, LEGISLATION