La infraestructura física portuaria del complejo Limón-Moín para el desarrollo de las exportaciones de Costa Rica: 1990-1995
Fecha
1998
Autores
Víquez Hernández, Julieta
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Universidad Nacional, Costa Rica
Resumen
La infraestructura física portuaria, factor clave para el desarrollo portuario y la competitividad de las exportaciones, frente al proceso denominado globalización, donde se están dando cambios en los aspectos tecnológicos, competitividad, reorganización económica, particularmente en los mercados es el tema central de la presente investigación. Se trata de establecer un análisis en el nivel internacional donde se requieren transformaciones adecuadas a las circunstancias para enfrentar la competitividad, por lo que se han seleccionado tres productos de exportación con alto componente de carta que utilizan el complejo Limón/Moín, a saber: banano, piña y el melón, dado que el primero es uno de nuestros principales productos tradicionales de exportación y los oros corresponden según estudios recientes a productos con mayores tasas de participación relativa (MTR) y mayores tasas de crecimiento (MTC), por lo tanto demandan mayor uso de infraestructura y servicios portuarios. La modalidad de embarque más adecuada para dichos productos es el sistema de contenedor, ya que los costos portuarios se reducen considerablemente en términos de colones y además se agiliza el grado de utilización del puerto y por ende la fruta se daña menos que en cualquier otra modalidad de embarque, lo que permite colocarla en los mercados internacionales con mejores condiciones.
Harbour, physical infraestructure, key factor for port and competitive development or export trade, ahead of the globalization process which promotes technological variations, competitiveness and, economical reorganization is in fact, the main topic for this research, particulary regarding port markets. One of its main goals is to produce an international analysis of where adequate transformations are required to confront competitiveness, as a result, three exportation products of high component value have been selected from the ones traded in the Complex Limón/Moín, those are: banana, pineapple and melon. The first is one of Costa Rica's traditional and main exportation products, while the others have presented high percentages of relative participation (MTR) and growth rates (MTC). Consequently, all of them require better users of infrastructure and harbor services. The shipping category that is more adequate for these products is the containers systems, since costs are considerably reduced in terms of colones. Besides, the port operations become more agile, which causes the fruit to keep its freshness, and place it in international markets in better conditions. In the other hand. it is necessary that port efficiency in the Complex Limón/Moín be measured according to productivity, instead of time, as it is actually done. Finally, it is strategically important to formulate a plan which allows port development as well as the region growth to obtain not only a higher level of competitiveness but also social sensibility in Limón.
Harbour, physical infraestructure, key factor for port and competitive development or export trade, ahead of the globalization process which promotes technological variations, competitiveness and, economical reorganization is in fact, the main topic for this research, particulary regarding port markets. One of its main goals is to produce an international analysis of where adequate transformations are required to confront competitiveness, as a result, three exportation products of high component value have been selected from the ones traded in the Complex Limón/Moín, those are: banana, pineapple and melon. The first is one of Costa Rica's traditional and main exportation products, while the others have presented high percentages of relative participation (MTR) and growth rates (MTC). Consequently, all of them require better users of infrastructure and harbor services. The shipping category that is more adequate for these products is the containers systems, since costs are considerably reduced in terms of colones. Besides, the port operations become more agile, which causes the fruit to keep its freshness, and place it in international markets in better conditions. In the other hand. it is necessary that port efficiency in the Complex Limón/Moín be measured according to productivity, instead of time, as it is actually done. Finally, it is strategically important to formulate a plan which allows port development as well as the region growth to obtain not only a higher level of competitiveness but also social sensibility in Limón.
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Palabras clave
COMPETENCIA ECONÓMICA, ESTRUCTURAS (CONSTRUCCIÓN), EXPORTACIONES, INSTALACIONES PORTUARIAS, ECONOMIC COMPETITION, EXPORTS, PORT FACILITIES, STRUCTURES (CONSTRUCTION)