Las ciudades intermedias como objeto de estudio en el marco del capitalismo periférico: el método como construcción de conocimiento
Fecha
2019-11-15
Autores
Arrieta Chavarría, Omar
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Geo UERJ
Resumen
En este artículo se parte de la idea del método como proceso de construcción de conocimiento en las investigaciones geográficas del espacio urbano de ciudades intermedias ubicadas en la periferia de la periferia del capitalismo global. En el análisis se recurre a algunos de los aportes de tres perspectivas teórico-metodológicas convergentes dentro del pensamiento crítico que, a mi juicio, son esenciales para desarrollar la pesquisa sobre el espacio geográfico en general y sobre las formas espaciales que asume la singularidad de las pequeñas ciudades en la periferia de los ejes de acumulación de capital, lo que nos conduce a analizar las desigualdades y la fragmentación socioespacial del territorio, las transformaciones en la morfología urbana y los cambios culturales que genera la globalización del mercado capitalista en sus manifestaciones más específicas a escala local, que constituyen el objeto de estudio de este trabajo. Esos tres enfoques son: primero, las teorías que trabajan la complejidad desde una perspectiva crítica; segundo, la epistemología crítica del configuracionismo latinoamericano; y tercero, el enfoque neomarxista en los estudios urbanos. El estudio desarrolla, de forma sucinta, algunos conceptos e indicadores que en la «reconstrucción de la teoría» se investigaron a nivel empírico en la ciudad de Liberia en la provincia de Guanacaste, Costa Rica, Centroamérica.
This article starts from the idea of the method as a processing of construting of knoeledge in the geographical research of the urban space in intermediate cities located on the periphery of the periphery of global capitalism. The analysis uses some of the contributions of three convergent theoretical-methodological perspectives within critical thinking that, in my view, are essential to develop the research on geographical space in general and about the spatial forms assumed by the uniqueness of small towns on the periphery of the capital accumulation axes, which leads us to analyze the inequalities and socio-spatial fragmentation of the territory, the transformations in urban morphology and the cultural changes generated by the globalization of the capitalist market in its most specific manifestations at the local level which constitute the object of study of this essay. Those three approaches are: first, theories that work on complexity from a critical perspective; second, the critical epistemology of Latin American configurationism; and third, the neo-Marxist approach to urban studies. The study succinctly develops some concepts and indicators that in the "reconstruction of theory" were empirically investigated in the city of Liberia in the province of Guanacaste, Costa Rica, Central America.
This article starts from the idea of the method as a processing of construting of knoeledge in the geographical research of the urban space in intermediate cities located on the periphery of the periphery of global capitalism. The analysis uses some of the contributions of three convergent theoretical-methodological perspectives within critical thinking that, in my view, are essential to develop the research on geographical space in general and about the spatial forms assumed by the uniqueness of small towns on the periphery of the capital accumulation axes, which leads us to analyze the inequalities and socio-spatial fragmentation of the territory, the transformations in urban morphology and the cultural changes generated by the globalization of the capitalist market in its most specific manifestations at the local level which constitute the object of study of this essay. Those three approaches are: first, theories that work on complexity from a critical perspective; second, the critical epistemology of Latin American configurationism; and third, the neo-Marxist approach to urban studies. The study succinctly develops some concepts and indicators that in the "reconstruction of theory" were empirically investigated in the city of Liberia in the province of Guanacaste, Costa Rica, Central America.
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AMÉRICA CENTRAL, CIUDADES, CONOCIMIENTO, CONSTRUCCIÓN, CAPITALISMO, CENTRAL AMERICA, CITIES, KNOWLEDGE, CONSTRUCTION, CAPITALISM