Estudio del impacto de las microfinanzas en el desarrollo económico de las pymes del cantón Central de Alajuela, Costa Rica, durante el primer semestre del 2025 y propuesta de estructura de costos
Fecha
2025
Autores
Gutiérrez Ugalde, Angely
Alvarez Montenegro, Joseph
Miranda Fernandez, Junior
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Universidad Nacional, Costa Rica
Resumen
En el contexto actual de creciente dinamismo económico y competitivo, las pequeñas y medianas empresas (PYMEs) desempeñan un papel fundamental en el desarrollo productivo, la generación de empleo y la innovación a nivel local y nacional. No obstante, uno de los principales desafíos que enfrentan estas organizaciones es la gestión eficiente de sus recursos financieros, en especial la administración adecuada de sus costos operativos, lo cual repercute, directamente, en su sostenibilidad, rentabilidad y capacidad de crecimiento. A pesar de su importancia estratégica, muchas PYMEs en Costa Rica, particularmente en zonas como el Cantón Central de Alajuela, carecen de herramientas técnicas accesibles para estructurar sus costos.
En este marco, las microfinanzas se han posicionado como un mecanismo relevante para promover el fortalecimiento de las PYMEs, al ofrecer productos financieros adaptados a sus necesidades, como microcréditos, microseguros, servicios de ahorro, entre otros. Sin embargo, el acceso a estos instrumentos, por sí solo, no garantiza una mejora en el desempeño financiero de las empresas. Es indispensable que los empresarios cuenten con conocimientos y herramientas que les permitan integrar de manera estratégica estos recursos en la planificación y ejecución de sus operaciones; en consecuencia, se hace evidente la necesidad de una propuesta que articule la educación financiera con el uso eficiente de las microfinanzas en la estructuración de costos.
In the current context of growing economic dynamism and competition, small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) play a fundamental role in productive development, job creation, and innovation at the local and national levels. However, one of the main challenges these organizations face is the efficient management of their financial resources, especially the proper administration of their operating costs, which directly impacts their sustainability, profitability, and growth capacity. Despite their strategic importance, many SMEs in Costa Rica, particularly in areas such as the Central Canton of Alajuela, lack accessible technical tools to structure their costs. In this context, microfinance has positioned itself as a relevant mechanism to promote the strengthening of SMEs by offering financial products tailored to their needs, such as microcredits, microinsurance, savings services, among others. However, access to these instruments alone does not guarantee an improvement in companies' financial performance. It is essential that entrepreneurs have the knowledge and tools to strategically integrate these resources into the planning and execution of their operations; therefore, the need for a proposal that articulates financial education with the efficient use of microfinance in cost structuring is evident.
In the current context of growing economic dynamism and competition, small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) play a fundamental role in productive development, job creation, and innovation at the local and national levels. However, one of the main challenges these organizations face is the efficient management of their financial resources, especially the proper administration of their operating costs, which directly impacts their sustainability, profitability, and growth capacity. Despite their strategic importance, many SMEs in Costa Rica, particularly in areas such as the Central Canton of Alajuela, lack accessible technical tools to structure their costs. In this context, microfinance has positioned itself as a relevant mechanism to promote the strengthening of SMEs by offering financial products tailored to their needs, such as microcredits, microinsurance, savings services, among others. However, access to these instruments alone does not guarantee an improvement in companies' financial performance. It is essential that entrepreneurs have the knowledge and tools to strategically integrate these resources into the planning and execution of their operations; therefore, the need for a proposal that articulates financial education with the efficient use of microfinance in cost structuring is evident.
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Palabras clave
PYMES, GENERACION DE EMPLEO, DESARROLLO PRODUCTIVO, MICROFINANZAS, SOSTENIBILIDAD, PYMES, JOB CREATION, PRODUCTIVE DEVELOPMENT, MICROFINANCE, SUSTAINABILITY
