Financiamiento de la micro, pequeña y mediana empresa en la Región Brunca, el caso de los microempresarios del cantón de Golfito
Fecha
2012
Autores
Arias Torres, Cristofer
Jara Méndez, Giselle
Sánchez Gutiérrez, Jasón
Título de la revista
ISSN de la revista
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Editor
Universidad Nacional, Costa Rica
Resumen
Investigaciones han demostrado que las microempresas son las encargadas de generar el mayor número de empleos a nivel nacional siendo estas el motor del desarrollo económico del país. Principalmente en las zonas más alejadas de la capital como lo es la Región Brunca. Sin embargo y a pesar del gran aporte que este tipo de unidades productivas realizan para el desarrollo económico de la sociedad y la nación en general, tienen problemas constantes en cuanto a organización y financiamiento lo que las hace poco competitivas y vulnerables en el entorno empresarial donde se desenvuelven.
Basado en lo anterior es que nace la necesidad de realizar esta investigación que trata, sobre el acceso que tiene el microempresario de Golfito a los créditos existentes en el mercado financiero para MIPYMES, se pretende dar a conocer cuáles son los mayores obstáculos que enfrentan los microempresarios para ser beneficiarios de tales programas.
Los principales objetivos a desarrollar son: analizar la oferta crediticia disponible para las MIPYMES en el cantón de Golfito, determinar la capacidad de las microempresas del cantón para ser sujetos de crédito, identificar la forma de financiamiento que utilizan, evaluar la percepción que tienen los microempresarios de contraer deudas con una entidad financiera y determinar el nivel de información que tienen los microempresarios sobre estos créditos especializados.
Para lograr estos objetivos se aplicó una encuesta, mediante un cuestionario aplicado a los microempresarios y una entrevista dirigido a las entidades financieras del cantón de Golfito; haciendo énfasis en las condiciones de oferta y demanda presentes en el cantón, así como también a la percepción que tienen los microempresarios de los programas de
crédito disponibles para MIPYMES. La información se obtuvo en diferentes sectores económicos como lo son el agroindustrial, artesanal, de servicios, comercial e industrial.
Esta investigación se realizó mediante la visita personalizada a 50 microempresarios a los cuales se les aplicó la encuesta, por su parte a las entidades financieras se les aplicó una guía específica para recopilar la información sobre la oferta de crédito disponible en el cantón de Golfito.
Esta investigación muestra que los microempresarios del cantón de Golfito no tienen gran conocimiento sobre los programas de crédito para MIPYMES con los que cuentan las entidades financieras, asimismo es importante destacar que muchos de los microempresarios no cuentan con las capacidades para ser sujetos de crédito según los parámetros que se establecen en esta investigación.
Research has shown that microenterprises are responsible for generating the largest number of jobs at the national level, being the engine of economic development in the country. Mainly in the areas farthest from the capital, such as the Brunca Region. However, and in spite of the great contribution that this type of productive units make to the economic development of society and the nation in general, they have constant problems in terms of organization and financing, which makes them uncompetitive and vulnerable in the business environment where they operate. Based on the above, the need to conduct this research on the access that the micro-entrepreneur of Golfito has to the existing credits in the financial market for MSMEs is born, and it is intended to make known what are the major obstacles faced by micro-entrepreneurs to be beneficiaries of such programs. The main objectives to be developed are: to analyze the credit supply available for MSMEs in the canton of Golfito, to determine the capacity of the canton's microenterprises to be creditworthy, to identify the form of financing they use, to evaluate the perception that microentrepreneurs have of contracting debt with a financial institution, and to determine the level of information that microentrepreneurs have about these specialized credits. To achieve these objectives, a survey was conducted through a questionnaire applied to microentrepreneurs and an interview with financial institutions in the canton of Golfito, with emphasis on the supply and demand conditions present in the canton, as well as the microentrepreneurs' perception of the credit programs available for MSMEs. available credit programs for MSMEs. The information was obtained in different economic sectors such as agro-industry, handicrafts, services, commerce and industry. This research was carried out through personalized visits to 50 microentrepreneurs to whom the survey was applied, and a specific guide was applied to the financial entities to gather information on the supply of credit available in the canton of Golfito. This research shows that the microentrepreneurs of the canton of Golfito do not have a great deal of knowledge about the credit programs for MSMEs available to financial institutions, and it is also important to note that many of the microentrepreneurs do not have the capacity to be creditworthy according to the parameters established in this research.
Research has shown that microenterprises are responsible for generating the largest number of jobs at the national level, being the engine of economic development in the country. Mainly in the areas farthest from the capital, such as the Brunca Region. However, and in spite of the great contribution that this type of productive units make to the economic development of society and the nation in general, they have constant problems in terms of organization and financing, which makes them uncompetitive and vulnerable in the business environment where they operate. Based on the above, the need to conduct this research on the access that the micro-entrepreneur of Golfito has to the existing credits in the financial market for MSMEs is born, and it is intended to make known what are the major obstacles faced by micro-entrepreneurs to be beneficiaries of such programs. The main objectives to be developed are: to analyze the credit supply available for MSMEs in the canton of Golfito, to determine the capacity of the canton's microenterprises to be creditworthy, to identify the form of financing they use, to evaluate the perception that microentrepreneurs have of contracting debt with a financial institution, and to determine the level of information that microentrepreneurs have about these specialized credits. To achieve these objectives, a survey was conducted through a questionnaire applied to microentrepreneurs and an interview with financial institutions in the canton of Golfito, with emphasis on the supply and demand conditions present in the canton, as well as the microentrepreneurs' perception of the credit programs available for MSMEs. available credit programs for MSMEs. The information was obtained in different economic sectors such as agro-industry, handicrafts, services, commerce and industry. This research was carried out through personalized visits to 50 microentrepreneurs to whom the survey was applied, and a specific guide was applied to the financial entities to gather information on the supply of credit available in the canton of Golfito. This research shows that the microentrepreneurs of the canton of Golfito do not have a great deal of knowledge about the credit programs for MSMEs available to financial institutions, and it is also important to note that many of the microentrepreneurs do not have the capacity to be creditworthy according to the parameters established in this research.
Descripción
Licenciatura en administración con énfasis en gestión financiera
Palabras clave
PYMES, PEQUEÑAS EMPRESAS, CREDITO, EMPRESAS, ADMINISTRACIÓN FINANCIERA, SMEs, SMALL BUSINESSES, CREDIT, COMPANIES, FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT, GOLFITO (PUNTARENAS)