Comparación de los bosques de manglar y catival en la fijación de carbono en el Caribe Sur, Costa Rica
Date
2018
Authors
Álvarez Sánchez, Lilliana María
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Universidad Nacional, Costa Rica
Abstract
Los manglares son bosques presentes en las zonas costeras, que presentan períodos de
inundación y cuyas especies presentan características fisiológicas particulares para
sobrevivir. En Costa Rica, se ubican tanto en el Pacifico como en el Caribe. El catival es
un bosque que presenta períodos de inundación, con distribución desde la costa Caribe de
Nicaragua hasta Colombia así como Jamaica, donde Prioria copaifera es la especie
dominante. El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar el carbono fijado en la biomasa aérea
con base en la estructura y composición florística en dos ecosistemas costeros del Refugio
Nacional Mixto de Vida Silvestre Gandoca, Manzanillo (REGAMA) mediante parámetros dasométricos para el diseño de una propuesta de gestión en el marco de los
cambios globales. Se realizaron parcelas circulares de siete metros de radio, se midieron
alturas, diámetro a la atura del pecho (DAP) y se colectaron muestras de madera de tres
especies con el taladro Pressler para determinar la densidad de la madera. Con estas
variables (DAP, altura y densidad de madera) se calculó, empleando ecuaciones
alómetricas, la cantidad de carbono arriba del suelo que fijan ambos ecosistemas. El
catival presentó la mayor riqueza de especies (26), los mayores valores en las
características diamétricas y la distribución de altura y con respecto a la composición
florística, presentó mayor cantidad de especies nucleares (26) y acompañantes (40). En la
fijación de carbono, los mayores valores los presentó el catival (102 Mg ha-1). Se concluye que el catival fue el ecosistema más diverso, con la mayor complejidad en estructura horizontal y vertical y con la mayor cantidad de especies en cuanto a la composición florística. Además de esto, es el bosque que fija más cantidad de carbono arriba del suelo.
Mangroves are forests present in coastal areas, which present periods of flooding and whose species present particular physiological characteristics to survive. In Costa Rica, they are located in both the Pacific and the Caribbean. The catival is a forest with periods of flooding, with distribution from the Caribbean coast of Nicaragua to Colombia as well as Jamaica, where Prioria copaifera is the dominant species. The objective of this study was to analyze the carbon fixed in the aerial biomass based on the structure and floristic composition in two coastal ecosystems of the Gandoca National Mixed Wildlife Refuge, Manzanillo (REGAMA) using dasometric parameters for the design of a management proposal. in the framework of global changes. Circular plots with a radius of seven meters were made, heights, diameter at chest height (DBH) were measured, and wood samples of three species were collected with the Pressler drill to determine the density of the wood. With these variables (DBH, height and wood density), using allometric equations, the amount of carbon above the ground fixed by both ecosystems was calculated. The catival presented the highest species richness (26), the highest values in the diametric characteristics and the height distribution and with respect to the floristic composition, presented the highest number of nuclear species (26) and companions (40). In carbon fixation, the highest values were presented by catival (102 Mg ha-1). It is concluded that the catival was the most diverse ecosystem, with the greatest complexity in horizontal and vertical structure and with the largest number of species in terms of floristic composition. In addition to this, it is the forest that fixes the most amount of carbon above the ground.
Mangroves are forests present in coastal areas, which present periods of flooding and whose species present particular physiological characteristics to survive. In Costa Rica, they are located in both the Pacific and the Caribbean. The catival is a forest with periods of flooding, with distribution from the Caribbean coast of Nicaragua to Colombia as well as Jamaica, where Prioria copaifera is the dominant species. The objective of this study was to analyze the carbon fixed in the aerial biomass based on the structure and floristic composition in two coastal ecosystems of the Gandoca National Mixed Wildlife Refuge, Manzanillo (REGAMA) using dasometric parameters for the design of a management proposal. in the framework of global changes. Circular plots with a radius of seven meters were made, heights, diameter at chest height (DBH) were measured, and wood samples of three species were collected with the Pressler drill to determine the density of the wood. With these variables (DBH, height and wood density), using allometric equations, the amount of carbon above the ground fixed by both ecosystems was calculated. The catival presented the highest species richness (26), the highest values in the diametric characteristics and the height distribution and with respect to the floristic composition, presented the highest number of nuclear species (26) and companions (40). In carbon fixation, the highest values were presented by catival (102 Mg ha-1). It is concluded that the catival was the most diverse ecosystem, with the greatest complexity in horizontal and vertical structure and with the largest number of species in terms of floristic composition. In addition to this, it is the forest that fixes the most amount of carbon above the ground.
Description
Álvarez Sánchez, L. (2018). Comparación de los bosques de manglar y catival en la fijación de carbono en el Caribe Sur, Costa Rica. (Tesis de Licenciatura). Universidad Nacional, Heredia, Costa Rica.
Keywords
COSTAS, MANGLARES, MANZANILLO (DISTRITO), MADERA, COSTA RICA, COSTS, MANGROVES, WOOD, MANZANILLO (DISTRICT)