Análisis de los resultados obtenidos en la aplicación del test numérico simple y el test de congruencia en una red geodésica para estudios de deformación
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Fecha
2011-11
Autores
Chavarría Camacho, Etelberto
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Editor
Universidad Nacional (Costa Rica)
Resumen
El presente trabajo final de graduación, en la modalidad de tesis de grado, comprende el análisis comparativo de resultados obtenidos en la aplicación del test de congruencia y del test simple. Ambos son procedimientos matemáticos y estadísticos usados para determinar si un conjunto puntual que define o representa un objeto, sufre alguna deformación o cambio de posición de uno o más elementos en un lapso de tiempo.
Para poder determinar una posible deformación en forma relativa se deben realizar mediciones entre los puntos objeto, o tener vínculos de estos con otro conjunto de puntos externos al objeto en estudio, llamados puntos de referencia, que serán puntos estables y de los que se espera no sufran deformación, para obtener resultados que se puedan considerar absolutos.
En este tipo de estudios geodésicos se realizan mediciones entre los puntos objeto según el equipo disponible y la clase de deformación y magnitud a controlar, que para los casos planimétricos pueden ser de ángulos, distancias, azimuts, direcciones o coordenadas GNSS. A los conjuntos de mediciones entrelazadas que forman figuras continuas, se les llama redes de medición, por lo que se busca determinar en el campo mediante las observaciones, la posición relativa de los puntos de la red. Al aplicar esta técnica de medición se logrará obtener una cantidad de observaciones sobreabundantes, es decir, más de las necesarias para determinar la posición de los puntos, permitiendo así obtener un alto grado de exactitud en la posición calculada de cada punto, mediante algoritmos de ajuste geodésico.
Al manejar tanta información de coordenadas de los puntos en dos épocas distintas, así como de sus incertidumbres producto de la medición, se recurre al análisis matemático usando test estadísticos; en este proyecto se analizarán las diferencias de resultados obtenidos aplicando cada tipo de test para un mismo conjunto puntual y para las mismas observaciones supuestas, realizadas en dos épocas.
This final graduation project, in the degree thesis modality, includes the comparative analysis of the results obtained in the application of the congruence test and the simple test. Both are mathematical and statistical procedures used to determine if a point set that defines or represents an object undergoes any deformation or position change of one or more elements in a period of time. In order to determine a possible deformation in a relative way, measurements must be made between the object points, or have links between them and another set of points external to the object under study, called reference points, which will be stable points and from which it is expected not to exist. undergo deformation, to obtain results that can be considered absolute. In this type of geodetic studies, measurements are made between the object points according to the available equipment and the class of deformation and magnitude to be controlled, which for planimetric cases can be angles, distances, azimuths, directions or GNSS coordinates. The sets of intertwined measurements that form continuous figures are called measurement networks, which is why it is sought to determine in the field through observations, the relative position of the points of the network. By applying this measurement technique, it will be possible to obtain a superabundant number of observations, that is, more than those necessary to determine the position of the points, thus allowing to obtain a high degree of accuracy in the calculated position of each point, through adjustment algorithms. geodesic. By handling so much coordinate information of the points in two different times, as well as their uncertainties resulting from the measurement, mathematical analysis is used using statistical tests; In this project, the differences in results obtained by applying each type of test will be analyzed for the same punctual set and for the same supposed observations, carried out in two periods.
This final graduation project, in the degree thesis modality, includes the comparative analysis of the results obtained in the application of the congruence test and the simple test. Both are mathematical and statistical procedures used to determine if a point set that defines or represents an object undergoes any deformation or position change of one or more elements in a period of time. In order to determine a possible deformation in a relative way, measurements must be made between the object points, or have links between them and another set of points external to the object under study, called reference points, which will be stable points and from which it is expected not to exist. undergo deformation, to obtain results that can be considered absolute. In this type of geodetic studies, measurements are made between the object points according to the available equipment and the class of deformation and magnitude to be controlled, which for planimetric cases can be angles, distances, azimuths, directions or GNSS coordinates. The sets of intertwined measurements that form continuous figures are called measurement networks, which is why it is sought to determine in the field through observations, the relative position of the points of the network. By applying this measurement technique, it will be possible to obtain a superabundant number of observations, that is, more than those necessary to determine the position of the points, thus allowing to obtain a high degree of accuracy in the calculated position of each point, through adjustment algorithms. geodesic. By handling so much coordinate information of the points in two different times, as well as their uncertainties resulting from the measurement, mathematical analysis is used using statistical tests; In this project, the differences in results obtained by applying each type of test will be analyzed for the same punctual set and for the same supposed observations, carried out in two periods.
Descripción
Chavarría Camacho, E. (2011). Análisis de los resultados obtenidos en la aplicación del test numérico simple y el test de congruencia en una red geodésica para estudios de deformación. [Tesis de Licenciatura]. Universidad Nacional, Heredia, C.R.
Palabras clave
TOPOGRAFIA, TOPOGRAPHY, GEODESIA, GEODESY, MEDICION, ANALISIS MATEMATICO