Obtención de hidrogeles de quitosano a partir del langostino Pleuroncodes planipes
Archivos
Fecha
2005
Autores
ESQUIVEL ALFARO, MARIANELLY
Título de la revista
ISSN de la revista
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Editor
Universidad Nacional (Costa Rica)
Resumen
La quitina es un polisacárido amino-acetilado que se encuentra formando parte del
exoesqueleto de los crustáceos, se puede desacetilar para obtener el quitosano que es un
polímero con una gran versatilidad por su condición soluble en medios ácidos y la
posibilidad de reacciones por medio de su sustituyente amina primaria en el segundo
carbono de su estructura.
Según estudios realizados en el Laboratorio de Polímeros de la Universidad Nacional
(POLIUNA), el langostino Pleuroncodes planipes representa una potencial fuente de
quitina y quitosano, materiales que a su vez se pueden utilizar para obtener productos con
mayor valor agregado, como los hidrogeles.
En este trabajo se modificó el quitosano por medio de sus sustituyentes amino, con el fin de
obtener hidrogeles de quitosano. Esto se logra mediante una reacción de entrecruzamiento
con dialdehídos, tales como el glutaraldehído o el glioxal.
Cuando se obtuvieron estos materiales, en diversas relaciones quitosano / agente
entrecruzante, se caracterizaron por diversas técnicas como espectroscopía infrarroja de
transformada de Fourier, análisis termogravimétrico y absorción de agua.
Chitin is an amino-acetylated polysaccharide that is found as part of the exoskeleton of crustaceans, it can be deacetylated to obtain chitosan, which is a polymer with great versatility due to its soluble condition in acid media and the possibility of reactions through its primary amine substituent on the second carbon of its structure. According to studies carried out at the Polymer Laboratory of the National University (POLIUNA), the Pleuroncodes planipes shrimp represents a potential source of chitin and chitosan, materials that can in turn be used to obtain products with greater added value, such as hydrogels. In this work, chitosan was modified by means of its amino substituents, in order to obtain chitosan hydrogels. This is achieved through a crosslinking reaction with dialdehydes, such as glutaraldehyde or glyoxal. When these materials were obtained, in various chitosan / crosslinking agent ratios, they were characterized by various techniques such as Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis and water absorption.
Chitin is an amino-acetylated polysaccharide that is found as part of the exoskeleton of crustaceans, it can be deacetylated to obtain chitosan, which is a polymer with great versatility due to its soluble condition in acid media and the possibility of reactions through its primary amine substituent on the second carbon of its structure. According to studies carried out at the Polymer Laboratory of the National University (POLIUNA), the Pleuroncodes planipes shrimp represents a potential source of chitin and chitosan, materials that can in turn be used to obtain products with greater added value, such as hydrogels. In this work, chitosan was modified by means of its amino substituents, in order to obtain chitosan hydrogels. This is achieved through a crosslinking reaction with dialdehydes, such as glutaraldehyde or glyoxal. When these materials were obtained, in various chitosan / crosslinking agent ratios, they were characterized by various techniques such as Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis and water absorption.
Descripción
Esquivel Alfaro, E. (2005). Obtención de hidrogeles de quitosano a partir del langostino Pleuroncodes planipes. [Tesis de Licenciatura]. Universidad Nacional, Costa Rica.
Palabras clave
QUITOSANO, POLÍMEROS, LANGOSTINOS, CHITOSAN, POLYMERS